Ladder-based resistance training elicited similar ultrastructural adjustments in forelimb and hindlimb peripheral nerves of young adult Wistar rats

Neto, Walter Krause; Gama, Eliane Florêncio; Silva, Wellington de Assis; Oliveira, Tony Vinicius Apolinário de; Boas, Alan Esaú dos Santos Vilas; Ciena, Adriano Polican; Anaruma, Carlos Alberto; Caperuto, Érico Chagas

doi:10.1007/s00221-021-06156-y

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Physiologically, ladder-based resistance training effectively induced similar growth in the radial and sciatic nerves (SN) of adult rats including myelinated axons CSA, unmyelinated axons CSA, myelin sheath thickness, and Schwann cells nuclei area. 180 Meanwhile, the functional and histological recovery after the mouse SN crush was positively influenced by treatment with eccentric exercise. 181 Moderate swimming training was found to promote nerve regeneration in SN ligation or SN transection mice as well.…”

Section: Benefits Of Exercise On Tissue Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Physical activity has been known as an essential element to promote human health for centuries. Thus, exercise intervention is encouraged to battle against sedentary lifestyle. Recent rapid advances in molecular biotechnology have demonstrated that both endurance and resistance exercise training, two traditional types of exercise, trigger a series of physiological responses, unraveling the mechanisms of exercise regulating on the human body. Therefore, exercise has been expected as a candidate approach of alleviating a wide range of diseases, such as metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, tumors, and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, the capacity of exercise to promote tissue regeneration has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades. Since most adult human organs have a weak regenerative capacity, it is currently a key challenge in regenerative medicine to improve the efficiency of tissue regeneration. As research progresses, exercise-induced tissue regeneration seems to provide a novel approach for fighting against injury or senescence, establishing strong theoretical basis for more and more “exercise mimetics.” These drugs are acting as the pharmaceutical alternatives of those individuals who cannot experience the benefits of exercise. Here, we comprehensively provide a description of the benefits of exercise on tissue regeneration in diverse organs, mainly focusing on musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. We also discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with the regenerative effects of exercise and emerging therapeutic exercise mimetics for regeneration, as well as the associated opportunities and challenges. We aim to describe an integrated perspective on the current advances of distinct physiological mechanisms associated with exercise-induced tissue regeneration on various organs and facilitate the development of drugs that mimics the benefits of exercise.

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Section: Benefits Of Exercise On Tissue Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of exercise contributing to tissue regeneration

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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“…While most research on experience‐dependent myelination in the PNS has been confined to resistance and aerobic exercise paradigms, recent evidence has shown parallel results as studies in the CNS, where increasing external stimuli tend to promote myelination. In rats, load‐carrying tasks and ladder‐based resistance training increased myelin sheath thickness in the tibial nerve (Krause Neto et al, 2017 ) and the radial and sciatic nerves (Neto et al, 2021 ). The in vivo mechanisms underlying this response are still largely unknown, but one study has identified that aerobic exercise may induce increases in peripheral myelin thickness in a BDNF‐ and VEGF‐dependent manner (Sakita et al, 2018 ), suggesting contributions of multiple cell types in the PNS.…”

Section: Recent Advances In Myelin Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of myelinating glia: An overview

Cristobal

Lee

2022

Glia

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Myelin is essential to nervous system function, playing roles in saltatory conduction and trophic support. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and Schwann cells (SCs) form myelin in the central and peripheral nervous systems respectively and follow different developmental paths. OLs are neural stem-cell derived and follow an intrinsic developmental program resulting in a largely irreversible differentiation state. During embryonic development, OL precursor cells (OPCs) are produced in distinct waves originating from different locations in the central nervous system, with a subset developing into myelinating OLs. OPCs remain evenly distributed throughout life, providing a population of responsive, multifunctional cells with the capacity to remyelinate after injury. SCs derive from the neural crest, are highly dependent on extrinsic signals, and have plastic differentiation states. SC precursors (SCPs) are produced in early embryonic nerve structures and differentiate into multipotent immature SCs (iSCs), which initiate radial sorting and differentiate into myelinating and non-myelinating SCs. Differentiated SCs retain the capacity to radically change phenotypes in response to external signals, including becoming repair SCs, which drive peripheral regeneration. While several

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