LAD dissection following parachute belt trauma during BASE jumping

Brugger, Nicolas; Saguner, Ardan M.; Zbinden, Stephan; Khattab, Ahmed A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.11.060

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…As BASE jump accidents are usually linked to high morbidity and mortality, this might have influenced emergency physicians to expect the worst, and thus contributed to overtriage. Furthermore, deceleration forces may lead to severe injuries—mainly of the aorta or the hollow viscus organs—even when the trauma has been initially perceived to be blunt and minor [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. According to ATLS guidelines, the trauma mechanism must be taken into consideration when assessing a trauma patient, and this might have contributed to defensive triage by the prehospital team.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BASE Jumping in the Lauterbrunnen Valley: A Retrospective Cohort Study from 2007 to 2016

Maeder

Andenmatten

Lienert

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: BASE jumping, and especially BASE jumping with the help of wingsuits, is considered one of the most dangerous airborne sports. The valley of Lauterbrunnen in Switzerland has become infamous for the large number of BASE jumps and the high rate of accidents and fatalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of BASE jumping, to determine the severity of injuries and injury patterns of BASE jumping accidents and to compare preclinical assessment with clinical diagnoses to detect under- or overtriage. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive cohort study covers a period of 10 years (2007–2016). The evaluation covered all BASE jumping incidents in the valley of Lauterbrunnen that required either a helicopter mission by the local HEMS (Helicopter Emergency Medical Service) company of Lauterbrunnen, Air Glaciers, or medical care in the regional hospital, the level I trauma centre or the medical practice of the local general practitioner. Besides demographic data, experience in BASE jumping and skydiving as well as BASE jumping technique(s) and details about the rescue missions were collected. The medical data focused on the severity of injuries, as expressed by the National Advisory Committee of Aeronautics (NACA) score in the prehospital assessment as well as the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS) retrieved from the clinical records in the hospital or medical practice setting. Results: The patients were predominantly young, experienced male BASE jumpers. Morbidity (injury risk) ranged from 0.05% to 0.2%, and fatality risk from 0.02% to 0.08%. Undertriage was low, with only two cases. Overtriage was significant, with 73.2% of all NACA 4–6 cases not qualifying for major trauma. Conclusions: BASE jumping remains a high-risk sport and is associated with significant rates of injuries and fatalities. Comparison with previous studies indicated that the injury rate may have decreased, but the fatality rate had not. In this known BASE jumping environment, prehospital assessment appears to be good, as we found a low undertriage rate. The high overtriage rate might be an expression of physicians’ awareness of high-velocity trauma mechanisms and possible deceleration injuries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BASE Jumping in the Lauterbrunnen Valley: A Retrospective Cohort Study from 2007 to 2016

Maeder

Andenmatten

Lienert

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…Three of the decedents did have moderate coronary artery disease but there was no gross evidence of an acute dissection or healed, subacute, or acute myocardial infarct. One case report identified an acute dissection of the left anterior descending coronary artery related to an unusually "hard opening" with strong compression of the chest that presented as intense retrosternal chest pain approximately one hour after a successful jump (10). Another case report described a professional parachutist who presented with chest pain not temporally related to a jump; a type A aortic dissection was diagnosed and surgically repaired and he was discharged with a reported complete recovery (11).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Parachute Deaths in Southern Arizona

Cronin

Winston

2017

Academic Forensic Pathology

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Introduction Parachuting is said to be a relatively safe activity. We sought to undertake a study to assess parachute-related deaths in our jurisdiction. Methods A retrospective study of parachute-related deaths in Southern Arizona was conducted by searching the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner database between 2001 and 2016. This search revealed 24 deaths. Results The decedents ranged from 19 to 61 years of age, with a median age of 36 years. Twenty-two of the decedents were male. The racial breakdown was 22 white, one Asian, and one not recorded. The manner of death in all cases was classified as an accident. All deaths were due to multiple blunt force injuries and only one case was found to have no injuries to the head or neck. The most common circumstances were failure of chute deployment (seven), mid-air collisions (three), and becoming entangled with other parachutists (three). Six deaths occurred during military training. Four of the nonmilitary decedents were described as “experienced” parachutists and one case involved a tandem jump team with a survivor. Natural disease was found in four cases with three having moderate coronary artery atherosclerosis. Toxicology was performed in 21 of the deaths with three positive for cannabinoids, one positive for 7-aminoclonazepam, and one positive for 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Discussion Parachuting is a relatively safe activity, with very few deaths. Investigation of these deaths should include a complete autopsy with toxicology as well as a thorough scene investigation and evaluation of the jumper's equipment.

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Fatalities Related to Extreme Aerial Sports

Feletti¹

2019

Essentials of Autopsy Practice

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LAD dissection following parachute belt trauma during BASE jumping

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

BASE Jumping in the Lauterbrunnen Valley: A Retrospective Cohort Study from 2007 to 2016

BASE Jumping in the Lauterbrunnen Valley: A Retrospective Cohort Study from 2007 to 2016

Parachute Deaths in Southern Arizona

Fatalities Related to Extreme Aerial Sports

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