Lacydoniidae Bergström, 1914 (Polychaeta) in the South Atlantic: morphology, three new species and five new records

Abstract

LacydoniaMarion & Bobretzky in Marion, 1874 is the only known genus in Lacydoniidae Bergström, 1914, which is composed of small polychaetes scarcely sampled. Studies on the biology and ecology of this group are rare and most species descriptions are based on one or a few specimens. There are 13 nominal species from different parts of the world. We revise herein the morphological characters used for species description on the basis of a lacydoniid assemblage collected in Campos Basin, Southern Brazil. Material was obtained in two sampling campaigns during the Project Habitats/Petrobras – Heterogeneidade Ambiental da Bacia de Campos, coordinated by CENPES/Petrobras. Lacydoniids were collected from the continental shelf, canyons and slope, at depths from 25 to 2500 m. This polychaete family is recorded for the first time in Brazilian waters, three new species are described and all others are new records to the South Atlantic. The new species areLacydonia anapaulaesp. nov.,L. brasiliensissp. nov. andL. jackisp. nov. Newly recorded species areL. cirrata(Hartman & Fauchald, 1971),L. laureciLaubier, 1975,L. mirandaMarion & Bobretzky in Marion, 1874,L. oculata(Hartman, 1967) andL. cf.papillataUschakov, 1958. An updated key to all described species ofLacydoniais included.

Annelids of the eastern Australian abyss collected by the 2017 RV ‘Investigator’ voyage

“… Lacydonia laureci Laubier, 1975 is the only currently described species that possesses conspicuous lateral lobes on the posterior margin of the prostomium. This specimen bears some similarity to L. laureci , because of these lobes, as well as the absence of eyes, but there are a few differences also apparent: Rizzo et al (2016) report that L. laureci possesses capillary notochaetae that have coarse serrations on the distal part of the chaetae, but Böggemann (2009) , however, describes fine serrations over the entire length of the notochaetae for that species, whereas this specimen from Australian waters appears to possess fine serrations only on the distal portion of the notochaetae. L. laureci has also been reported from several widely distributed locations in 1001–5497 m depths: the type locality, Matapan Trench, Mediterranean Sea ( Laubier 1975 ); Angola, Cape and Guinea Basin, SE Atlantic Ocean ( Böggemann 2009 ), and the Campos Basin off Brazil, South Atlantic Ocean ( Rizzo et al 2016 ).…”

“…They have been collected worldwide, from intertidal habitats to depths of 5600 m ( Rouse and Pleijel 2001 ). Lacydoniids have previously been recorded from abyssal depths off the west coast of Africa ( Böggemann 2009 ) and in the Campos Basin off Brazil in the South Atlantic Ocean ( Rizzo et al 2016 ). Although lacydoniids have been recorded from shallow water Antarctic locations ( Ehlers 1913 ; Hartmann-Schröder 1993 ; Hartmann-Schröder and Rosenfeldt 1988 ), to date there have not yet been published reports from mainland Australia, with only one record of Lacydoniidae from shallow northern waters in the Timor Sea at 49–62 m depth, as ‘ Lacydonia sp.’ ( Przeslawski et al 2018 ).…”

“… Lacydoniidae are an uncommon, but widespread group of polychaetes that have affinities with phyllodocids ( Rizzo and Magalhães 2019 ; Rouse and Fauchald 1997 ). Currently there are 12 described valid species in one genus, Lacydonia ( Read and Fauchald 2020 ).…”

First records of Lacydonia eliasoni Hartmann-Schröder, 1996 (Polychaeta: Phyllodocida) in the European Arctic

“…Data (Southern 1914;Hartman 1964;Hartman and Fauchald 1971;Ushakov 1972;Paul and Menzies 1974;Laubier 1975;Carey 1977;Uebelacker and Johnson 1984;Sardá 1985;Hartmann-Schröder and Rosenfelt 1992;Blake 1994;Borja et al 2000;Kröger and Rowden 2008;Böggemann 2009;Anisimova et al 2010;Fiege et al 2010;Çinar et al 2011;Magalhães et al 2012;Alalykina 2013Alalykina , 2015Çinar and Dagli 2013;Rizzo et al 2015; http://www.mareano.no/en/download-data/imr/marbunn).…”

Lacydonia shohoensis (Annelida, Lacydoniidae) sp. nov. – a new lacydonid species from deep-sea sunken wood discovered at the Nishi-Shichito Ridge, North-western Pacific Ocean

“…Lacydoniidae Bergström, 1914 currently harbours 14 nominal species from the Pacific, Atlantic, Arctic and Antarctic Oceans (Rizzo et al ., 2016; Mazurkiewicz et al ., 2017). The members have been known to occur among encrusting algae on coral rubbles as well as in sandy and muddy substrata mixed with shell debris, gravel and volcanic rocks (Rouse & Pleijel, 2001; Rizzo et al ., 2016; Mazurkiewicz et al ., 2017).…”