Lactoferrin as potential supplementary nutraceutical agent in COVID-19 patients:<i>in vitro</i>and<i>in vivo</i>preliminary evidences

Campione, Elena; Lanna, Caterina; Cosio, Terenzio; Rosa, Luigi; Mp, Conte; Iacovelli, Federico; Romeo, Alice; Falconi, Mattia; C, Del Vecchio; Franchin, Elisa; Ms, Lia; Minieri, Marilena; Chiaramonte, Carlo; Ciotti, Marco; Nuccetelli, Marzia; Terrinoni, Alessandro; Magrini, Andrea; Bernardini, Sergio; Andreoni, Massimo; Sarmati, Loredana; Miani, Alessandro; Piscitelli, Prisco; Valenti, Piera; Bianchi, Luca

doi:10.1101/2020.08.11.244996

Cited by 19 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…In vitro evaluation of the activity of (bovine/human) LF against the virulent SARS-CoV-2 using several cell-lines (Vero E6, Caco-2, adenocarcinoma human alveolar basal epithelial cells, A549, Huh7, HEK293T cell expressing ACE2 (293T-ACE2), HCT-8, Calu-3, and MRC-5 cell lines) clearly showed that LF is capable of inhibition of viral activity, in a dose-dependent manner, via the three aforementioned strategies (Campione et al, 2020b;De Carvalho et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2020;Mirabelli et al, 2020). In addition to these observations, another study emphasized that the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity is not limited to LF alone, but can be expanded to other components found in total whey milk (Fan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Viral Neutralization (Extracellular Inhibition)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…bLF formulated in liposomes was used in two different studies on confirmed COVID-19 patients (Campione et al, 2020b;Serrano et al, 2020). Results reported by Serrano et al showed that a liposomal bovine LF supplement containing 32 mg of LF orally administered at 4 to 6 doses/day for 10 consecutive days, accompanied by two to three daily 10 mg zinc doses, resulted in 100% recovery of 75 symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patients within 4-5 days, and the same treatment at lower dose seemed to have prevented the disease in healthy contact (Serrano et al, 2020).…”

Section: Host Immune System Modulation Action Of Lactoferrinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, that study did not offer any immunological biomarkers related to the COVID-19 infection levels before and after treatment. Campione et al, 2020b assessed the efficacy of a liposomal formulation of apo-bLF in 32 COVID-19 patients with mild-to-moderate disease and COVID-19 asymptomatic patients. The scheduled dose treatment of liposomal apo-bLF for oral use was 1 g per day for 30 days (10 capsules per day, each one containing 100 mg of apo-bLF in liposomes) in addition to the same formulation administered intranasally 3 times daily (nasal spray contained about 2.5 mg/mL apo-bLFin liposome).…”

Section: Host Immune System Modulation Action Of Lactoferrinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural resources to control COVID-19: could lactoferrin amend SARS-CoV-2 infectivity?

Mattar

Elrashdy

Almehdar

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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The world population is still facing the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Such a challenge requires complicated tools to control, namely vaccines, effective cures, and complementary agents. Here we present one candidate for the role of an effective cure and/or complementary agent: lactoferrin. It is the cross-talking mediator between many organs/cellular systems in the body. It serves as a physiological, immunological, and anti-microbial barrier, and acts as a regulator molecule. Furthermore, lactoferrin has receptors on most tissues cells, and is a rich source for bioactive peptides, particularly in the digestive system. In the past months, in vitro and in vivo evidence has accumulated regarding lactoferrin’s ability to control SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in different indicated scenarios. Also, lactoferrin or whey milk (of human or other mammal’s origin) is a cheap, easily available, and safe agent, the use of which can produce promising results. Pharmaceutical and/or food supplementary formulas of lactoferrin could be particularly effective in controlling the gastrointestinal COVID-19-associated symptoms and could limit the fecal-oral viral infection transmission, through mechanisms that mimic that of norovirus infection control by lactoferrin via induction of intestinal innate immunity. This natural avenue may be effective not only in symptomatic patients, but could also be more helpful in asymptomatic patients as a main or adjuvant treatment.

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Section: Viral Neutralization (Extracellular Inhibition)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Host Immune System Modulation Action Of Lactoferrinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Host Immune System Modulation Action Of Lactoferrinmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Natural resources to control COVID-19: could lactoferrin amend SARS-CoV-2 infectivity?

Mattar

Elrashdy

Almehdar

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…Globally, studies on the beneficial effects of orally administered bLf on intestinal flora [ 105 ] and immune system [ 53 ] as well as against infections [ 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 ], inflammation [ 14 , 20 ] and cancers [ 15 , 110 ] strongly support the usefulness of bLf-supplemented foods.…”

Section: Lactoferrin In Natural and Supplemented Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactoferrin in the Prevention and Treatment of Intestinal Inflammatory Pathologies Associated with Colorectal Cancer Development

Cutone

Ianiro

Lepanto

et al. 2020

Cancers

Self Cite

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The connection between inflammation and cancer is well-established and supported by genetic, pharmacological and epidemiological data. The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, have been described as important promoters for colorectal cancer development. Risk factors include environmental and food-borne mutagens, dysbalance of intestinal microbiome composition and chronic intestinal inflammation, with loss of intestinal epithelial barrier and enhanced cell proliferation rate. Therapies aimed at shutting down mucosal inflammatory response represent the foundation for IBDs treatment. However, when applied for long periods, they can alter the immune system and promote microbiome dysbiosis and carcinogenesis. Therefore, it is imperative to find new safe substances acting as both potent anti-inflammatory and anti-pathogen agents. Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein essential in innate immunity, is generally recognized as safe and used as food supplement due to its multifunctionality. Lf possesses a wide range of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties against different aseptic and septic inflammatory pathologies, including IBDs. Moreover, Lf exerts anti-adhesive, anti-invasive and anti-survival activities against several microbial pathogens that colonize intestinal mucosa of IBDs patients. This review focuses on those activities of Lf potentially useful for the prevention/treatment of intestinal inflammatory pathologies associated with colorectal cancer development.

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“…Additional computational study sustained the idea of direct LF binding to the Spike S glycoprotein CDT1 domain, reducing the virus's likelihood of entering cells. Moreover, after evaluating the human LF-Spike complex, it was observed that only two residues (Thr500 and Tyr505) are involved in the interface recognition [66]. This protein is mainly produced by the mammalian gland, particularly in mammalian and animal milk [51].…”

Section: Lactoferrinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Updates on Naturally Occurring Compounds Recognizing SARS-CoV-2 Druggable Targets

et al. 2021

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified in China as the etiologic agent of the recent COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Due to its high transmissibility, this virus quickly spread throughout the world, causing considerable health issues. The scientific community exerted noteworthy efforts to obtain therapeutic solutions for COVID-19, and new scientific networks were constituted. No certified drugs to efficiently inhibit the virus were identified, and the development of de-novo medicines requires approximately ten years of research. Therefore, the repurposing of natural products could be an effective strategy to handle SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review aims to update on current status of the natural occurring compounds recognizing SARS-CoV-2 druggable targets. Among the clinical trials actually recruited, some natural compounds are ongoing to examine their potential role to prevent and to treat the COVID-19 infection. Many natural scaffolds, including alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, and benzoquinones, were investigated by in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo approaches. Despite the large data set obtained by a computational approach, experimental evidences in most cases are not available. To fill this gap, further efforts to validate these results are required. We believe that an accurate investigation of naturally occurring compounds may provide insights for the potential treatment of COVID-19 patients.

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Lactoferrin as potential supplementary nutraceutical agent in COVID-19 patients:in vitroandin vivopreliminary evidences

Cited by 19 publications

References 113 publications

Natural resources to control COVID-19: could lactoferrin amend SARS-CoV-2 infectivity?

Natural resources to control COVID-19: could lactoferrin amend SARS-CoV-2 infectivity?

Lactoferrin in the Prevention and Treatment of Intestinal Inflammatory Pathologies Associated with Colorectal Cancer Development

Current Updates on Naturally Occurring Compounds Recognizing SARS-CoV-2 Druggable Targets

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