Lactococcus garvieae multi-valve infective endocarditis in a traveler returning from South Korea

Fleming, Holly; Fowler, Star V.; Nguyen, Luong; Hofinger, Diedre

doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2012.02.004

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The ingestion of raw sea food or exposure to fish, the presence of colonic polyps and the repeated exposure to dairy products have been postulated to be risk factors for infection by L. garvieae [7]. Less than half of patients with IE caused by L. garvieae reported ingestion of fish (including raw or cooked) [7, 15, 19, 23, 24, 26–28, 30] or were diagnosed with a concomitant GI disorder [10, 13, 19–21, 24, 28–30]. Our patient reported both conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactococcus garvieae, an unusual pathogen in infective endocarditis: case report and review of the literature

et al. 2019

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Background Lactococcus garvieae is an unusual cause of infective endocarditis (IE). No current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines are available to treat IE caused by these organisms. Based on a case report, we provide a review of the literature of IE caused by L. garvieae and highlight diagnostic and treatment challenges of these infections and implications for management. Case presentation A 50-year-old Asian male with mitral prosthetic valve presented to the hospital with intracranial haemorrhage, which was successfully treated. Three weeks later, he complained of generalized malaise. Further work up revealed blood cultures positive for Gram-positive cocci identified as L. garvieae by MALDI-TOF. An echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis of IE. Susceptibility testing showed resistance only to clindamycin. Vancomycin plus gentamicin were started as empirical therapy and, subsequently, the combination of ceftriaxone plus gentamicin was used after susceptibility studies were available. After two weeks of combination therapy, ceftriaxone was continued as monotherapy for six additional weeks with good outcome. Conclusions Twenty-five cases of IE by Lactococcus garvieae have been reported in the literature. Compared to other Gram-positive cocci, L. garvieae affects more frequently patients with prosthetic valves. IE presents in a subacute manner and the case fatality rate can be as high as 16%, comparable to that of streptococcal IE (15.7%). Reliable methods for identification of L. garvieae include MALDI-TOF, 16S RNA PCR, API 32 strep kit and BD Automated Phoenix System. Recommended antimicrobials for L. garvieae IE are ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone or vancomycin in monotherapy or in combination with gentamicin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactococcus garvieae, an unusual pathogen in infective endocarditis: case report and review of the literature

et al. 2019

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“…Previous reports speculated that L. garvieae infections might result from ingestion of contaminated food, especially raw fish, in patients with modified gastrointestinal tracts (13,17,18,21,23). Our case was also exposed to raw fish and had underlying gastritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This organism is well known in aquaculture as a fish pathogen, however, there are few reports in the literature of infections caused by L. garvieae in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans, including patients with infective endocarditis (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), osteomyelitis (19)(20)(21), liver abscess (22), cholecystitis (23), and peritonitis (24). Based on its low virulence in humans, L. garvieae has generally been considered to be an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afebrile Multi-valve Infective Endocarditis Caused by <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i>: A Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2016

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Lactococcus garvieae is considered to be a rare pathogen with low virulence in humans. We herein experienced an unusual case of multi-valve infective endocarditis caused by L. garvieae in an elderly woman who had undergone bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement due to severe mitral stenosis with rheumatic etiology. The patient was successfully treated with cardiac surgery after teicoplanin antimicrobial therapy failure followed by ceftriaxone treatment. L. garvieae was confirmed as the pathogen through 16S rRNA sequencing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to indicate an effective treatment for infective endocarditis caused by L. garvieae in the Republic of Korea.

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“…De éstos 42% provienen de Europa, 35% de Asia y 23% de América. Según el tipo de infección, hubo 20 endocarditis infecciosas, (11 de válvulas mitrales nativas [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] , tres de prótesis de válvula mitral 7,13,14 , tres válvulas aórticas nativas 2,12,15 , dos prótesis de válvula aórtica 9,16 y una válvula tricúspidea 17 ), dos casos de bacteriemia 4,18 , dos casos de septicemia 4,19 y dos casos de peritonitis 4,20 . Otros fueron casos aislados de absceso hepático 21 , osteomielitis 22 , colecistitis aguda 23 , espondilitis 24 , infección de prótesis de cadera 25 y un hematoma subdural 9 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Endocarditis por Lactococcus garvieae en un paciente sometido a hemodialisis crónica. Primer caso reportado en Chile y revisión de la literatura

Clavero

Escobar

Ramos-Avasola

et al. 2017

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Lactococcus garvieae multi-valve infective endocarditis in a traveler returning from South Korea

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Lactococcus garvieae, an unusual pathogen in infective endocarditis: case report and review of the literature

Lactococcus garvieae, an unusual pathogen in infective endocarditis: case report and review of the literature

Afebrile Multi-valve Infective Endocarditis Caused by <i>Lactococcus garvieae</i>: A Case Report and Literature Review

Endocarditis por Lactococcus garvieae en un paciente sometido a hemodialisis crónica. Primer caso reportado en Chile y revisión de la literatura

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