“…Various probiotics, such as Lactobacillus casei , L. plantarum , L. gasseri , Bifidobacterium longum , and bacterial mix cocktail VSL#3, and fermented products with the probiotic strains also ameliorate obesity, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, IBD, and irritable bowel syndrome due to alteration of the gut microbiome (Borgeraas, Johnson, Skattebu, Hertel, & Hjelmesaeth, ; Connell et al, ). In our previous study, oral administration of a selected L. plantarum strain, AN1, ameliorated IBD in an ICR mouse model by increasing the abundance of intestinal indigenous L. reuteri (Qu et al, ; Yokota, Shikano, et al, ). Decreased abundance of L. reuteri was demonstrated in ICR mice fed a high‐fat diet or a high‐sugar and low‐dietary fiber diet (Kuda et al, ).…”