Lactobacillus Cell Surface Proteins Involved in Interaction with Mucus and Extracellular Matrix Components

Abstract

The gut microbiota is a complex microbial ecosystem where bacteria, through mutual interactions, cooperate in maintaining of wellbeing and health. Lactobacilli are among the most important constituents of human and animal intestinal microbiota and include many probiotic strains. Their presence ensures protection from invasion of pathogens, as well as stimulation of the immune system and protection of the intestinal flora, often exerted through the ability to interact with mucus and extracellular matrix components. The main factors responsible for mediating adhesion of pathogens and commensals to the gut are cell surface proteins that recognize host targets, as mucus layer and extracellular matrix proteins. In the last years, several adhesins have been reported to be involved in lactobacilli–host interaction often miming the same mechanism used by pathogens.

Supplemental magnolol or honokiol attenuates adverse effects in broilers infected with Salmonella pullorum by modulating mucosal gene expression and the gut microbiota

“…Consistent with other reports, lactobacilli are dominant in the ileum at the genus level [ 39 , 40 ]. Several studies have repeatedly shown that lactobacilli , as the most important microbiota in animal intestines, have various biochemical functions, including in the protection of the integrity of the intestinal mucosal, the invasion of pathogens, and stimulation of the immune system [ 41 , 42 ]. Many probiotic strains of lactobacilli have been widely used in poultry production [ 43 ].…”

Mutual Preservation: A Review of Interactions Between Cervicovaginal Mucus and Microbiota

“…One commonly used immortalized endocervical epithelial cell line is generally considered not to produce mucus (End1) while another does (A2EN) ( Radtke et al., 2012 ). Collection of cervical mucus and assessment of physical and biochemical properties in vitro , or co-culture of microbes and mucus or mucins have provided additional insight ( Muscariello et al., 2020 ). The source and processing of mucins for use in these experiments is important to retain their in vivo biologic activity ( Kavanaugh et al., 2014 ; Wheeler et al., 2019 ).…”

Potentially Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum Strains From Indian Foods: Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Genomics

“…All the complete L. plantarum genomes along with DKL3 and JGR2 were subjected to BLAST with 15 cell adhesionrelated protein sequences 38 (Table S3) using BLASTp with an E-value, % query coverage, and % identity thresholds of 1E-10, 70%, and 50%, respectively. These genomes were also annotated using dbCAN2.0 for the identi cation of the carbohydrate-active enzymes as described on CAZy 39,40 .…”

“…to be required for colonization in the host 38 . The genomes of DKL3 and JGR2 were searched for the presence of genes encoding such proteins 38 (Table S3).…”

“…to be required for colonization in the host 38 . The genomes of DKL3 and JGR2 were searched for the presence of genes encoding such proteins 38 (Table S3). Both the strains showed the presence of the genes encoding both cell wallanchored adhesion-associated protein (CwaA) (96% similarity) and mucus-binding protein precursor (Mbp) (99% similarity).…”