Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 Modulates Intestinal-Specific Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acid and Immunological Profiles in Aging Mice

Abstract

Distribution of the microbiota varies according to the location in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Thus, dysbiosis during aging may not be limited to faecal microbiota and extend to the other parts of the GI tract, especially the cecum and colon. Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1, a probiotic strain, has been shown to modulate faecal microbiota and its associated metabolic phenotype in aging mice. In the present study, we investigated the effect of L. acidophilus DDS-1 supplementation on caecal- and mucosal-associated microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and immunological profiles in young and aging C57BL/6J mice. Besides differences in the young and aging control groups, we observed microbial shifts in caecal and mucosal samples, leading to an alteration in SCFA levels and immune response. DDS-1 treatment increased the abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia spp. and Lactobacillus spp. more effectively in caecal samples than in mucosal samples. DDS-1 also enhanced the levels of butyrate, while downregulating the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-1α, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-12 and IFN-γ) in serum and colonic explants. Our findings suggest distinct patterns of intestinal microbiota, improvements in SCFA and immunological profiles with DDS-1 supplementation in aging mice.

Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 and Bifidobacterium lactis UABla-12 Improve Abdominal Pain Severity and Symptomology in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The gut microbiota also plays an important role in the balance between immunosuppression and inflammation, involving Toll-like receptor signaling pathways [39]. L. acidophilus DDS-1 was previously shown to help modulate the fecal and mucosal microbiota in young and aging mice, while downregulating the production of inflammatory cytokines in serum and colonic explants [17,18]. Additionally, L. acidophilus DDS-1, in combination with B. lactis UABla-12, displayed improved symptomology associated with atopic dermatitis in a randomized controlled trial, with modulation of blood lymphocyte subsets (i.e., CD4, CD8 and CD25) suggesting an immune regulatory role [15].…”

“…L. acidophilus DDS-1, alone or in combination with B. lactis UABla-12, has previously been shown to normalize bowel habits in functional constipation [12], provide abdominal symptom relief in lactose intolerance [13] and support immune specific outcomes [14,15] in randomized controlled trials. Mechanistically, L. acidophilus DDS-1 has exhibited immunomodulatory capacity in vitro [16], while both modulating the microbiota and downregulating the inflammatory profile in pre-clinical models [17,18]. Additionally, L. acidophilus DDS-1 in combination with B. lactis UABla-12 has demonstrated an immune regulatory role in support of immune specific outcomes clinically [15].…”

The Effect of Probiotics on the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids by Human Intestinal Microbiome

“…Probiotic administration increased the number of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia spp. and Lactobacillus spp and also caused an increase in butyric acid concentration, while reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines in serum and colonic explants [114]. The results of many other animal studies indicate that supplementation with probiotic Lactobacillus spp.…”

Effects of Probiotics <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> and <i>Clostridium butyricum</i> on the Expression of Toll-like Receptors, Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines, and Antimicrobial Peptides in Broiler Chick Intestine

“…In chicken, mice, and piglets, live probiotics have been suggested to induce dynamic changes in the microbiome, and a factor regulating them may be the short-chain fatty acids in the intestinal contents ( Wang et al , 2019 ; Vemuri et al , 2019 ; Neijat et al , 2019 ; Cao et al , 2019 ). Additionally, butyrate has been reported to enhance not only epithelial cell proliferation with the development of villi ( Guilloteau et al , 2010 ; Ahsan et al , 2016 ) but also the mucosal barrier by tight junctions ( Peng et al , 2009 ; Guilloteau et al , 2010 ) and induction of host defense peptide expression including AvBDs and CATHs in the chick intestine ( Peng et al , 2009 ; Sunkara et al , 2011 , 2014 ).…”