Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and transaminase (GOT) activity of synovial fluid and serum in rheumatic disease states, with a note on synovial fluid LDH isozymes

Abstract

Lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase determinations were carried out on the serums and synovial fluids of patients with a variety of rheumatic diseases. The LDH activity of the synovial fluid was elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, infectious arthritis and gout, but normal in the fluids of patients with degenerative joint disease. Transaminase activity was normal in both serum and synovial fluid in all cases. Starch gel zymograms of LDH showed qualitatively increased amounts of the isozyme LDH 5 in the pathological synovial fluids. S. COHENDeterminationes del dehydrogenase de acido lactic e de transaminase glutamicoxaloacetic esseva executate in le seros e le liquidos synovial de patientes con un varietate de morbos rheumatic. Le activate de dehydrogenase lactic del liquido synovial esseva elevate in patientes con arthritis rheumatoidee, con arthritis infectiose, e con gutta, sed ill0 esseva normal in le liquido synovial de patientes con morbo degenerative del articulationes. Le activitate de transaminase glutamic-oxaloacetic esseva normal in omne casos tanto in le liquido synovial como etiam in le sero del sanguine. Zymogrammas a gel de amylo pro dehydrogenase de acido lactic monstrava augmentos qualitative del quantitates del isozyma 5 de hydrogenase de acido lactic.

Analysis of Serum Proteins and Enzymes Level in Human Subjects with Osteoarthritis

“…In osteoarthritis the most affected tissue is the articular cartilage and may be the most probable source of isoenzyme leakage. Therefore, it is likely that, similar to other pathological states of sLDH elevation (23,25,(40)(41), the higher levels of LDH noted in our case are related to the state of inflammation in OA. Our results may therefore provide evidence to prefer serum over the con ventional source, synovial fluid, for protein profiling and enzyme activity determination, and further recommend its use for the search of suitable molecular markers in case of osteoarthritis.…”

“…It may, therefore, appear that the expression of these isoforms is related to the pathophysiology of the disease and this needs to be evaluated further in a relatively larger sample size of the OA subjects. Evidence also suggest that lactate dehydrogenase has been very widely used as a marker of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis wherein an increase in LDH-4 and -5 and decrease in LDH-1 is reported (23,25,(40)(41). During the present investigation, we also observed a significant increase of 5% in the activity of LDH-5 (P<0.05) and a decrease of 7 and 2% in the activities of LDH-1 and -2 respectively in OA subjects compared with control (P<0.05).…”

“…1.1.1.27) is an oxido-reductase that cataly ses the interconversion of pyruvate to lactate and vice versa in the presence of NAD + /NADH. Available literature suggests the effect on total LDH activity (TLDH) in osteoarthritic knee-joint effusions (23), its correlation with C-reactive protein (an acute-phase protein) with advanced state of inflammation of OA and RA (23,24) and higher LDH levels in arthritic synovial fluid and raised serum isozyme-5 in some arthritic patients (25).…”

Chronic Nondestructive Arthritis Associated with Cutaneous Polyarteritis

“…In contrast to potentially destructive rheumatoid, gouty, and septic arthritis, the synovial fluid did not show increased activity of acid phosphatase and LDH (19)(20)(21)(22) or a decreased concentration of hyaluronate as estimated by viscosity and mucin clot test. The enzyme findings suggest that synovial cells and leukocytes were not releasing large amounts of lysosomal or other enzymes in our patients.…”

Distribution of lactate dehydrogenase in healthy and degenerative canine stifle joint cartilage

“…Note complete absence of reaction product been determined in blood, urine, or SF, none of these parameters provides any speciWc clues as to the presence of DJD (Chu et al 2002;Lohmander 1994;Lohmander et al 1998;Slater et al 1995;Thonar et al 1992). Similarly, early reports implied that DJD might not alter enzyme activities in SF (Cohen 1964). However, later studies in horses and humans unanimously demonstrated an overall increase in synovial LDH activity in conjunction with a number of inXammatory and non-inXammatory joint diseases, such as infectious arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and osteochondrosis dissecans (Lindy et al 1971;Messieh 1996;Pejovic et al 1992;Rejno 1976;Yancik et al 1987).…”