Lactational performance, feeding behavior, ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed whole-plant faba bean silage-based diet with fibrolytic enzyme

Yang, Jen-Chieh; Refat, Basim; Guevara-Oquendo, Víctor H.; Yu, Peiqiang

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2022.100606

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For instance, Refat (10) found that the addition of fibrolytic enzyme to barley silage-based diets of dairy cows did not affect DM, OM, or NDF intake, and the response of DM, OM, and NDF digestibility to increasing fibrolytic enzyme concentration followed a cubic pattern. Similarly, Yang (14) reported that the addition of fibrolytic enzyme to whole-plant faba bean silage diets for dairy cows did not affect DM and OM digestibility, and higher enzyme concentrations actually reduced NDF digestibility (48.25% vs. 44.78%). One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that higher fiber digestibility of the feed and higher enzyme concentrations may compete with ruminal microbes for binding sites on feed particles (22).…”

Section: Feed Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The synthesis of milk fat in bovine mammary glands relies on acetate as the main precursor, which provides carbon and reducing equivalents (NADPH). Some studies have shown that fibrolytic enzymes can influence the ratio of acetate to propionate in the rumen, leading to an increase in milk fat yield (14).…”

Section: Milk Yield and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, numerous investigations have demonstrated that the addition of fibrolytic enzymes to ruminant diets can improve the lactational performance of dairy cows (8)(9)(10)(11). However, there have been inconsistent findings regarding the effect of cellulase on dairy cow performance (12)(13)(14). These discrepancies can be attributed to various factors, such as variations in enzyme activity, application rate, method of application, substrate specificity, and stage of lactation in dairy cows (15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of commercial fibrolytic enzymes application to normal- and slightly lower energy diets on lactational performance, digestibility and plasma nutrients in high-producing dairy cows

Yang,

Zhao,

Lin

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The inclusion of fibrolytic enzymes in the diet is believed to have positive effects on animal production. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of supplementing diets with a commercial fibrolytic enzyme preparation (Vistamax; mixture of xylanase and cellulase) derived from Trichoderma reesei on lactational performance, digestibility, and plasma nutrient levels in high-producing dairy cows. Two dietary energy levels were considered: a normal energy diet (metabolizable energy = 2.68 Mcal/kg) and a slightly lower energy diet (metabolizable energy = 2.55 Mcal/kg). A total of 120 lactating Holstein cows (parity = 2; Days in Milk = 113 ± 23) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups using a 2 * 2 factorial arrangement. The dietary treatments consisted of: (1) normal energy diet without enzyme supplementation (NL); (2) normal energy diet with enzyme supplementation (NLE); (3) slightly lower energy diet without enzyme supplementation (SL); and (4) slightly lower energy diet with enzyme supplementation (SLE). The amount of enzyme added to the diets was determined based on previous in vitro studies and supplier recommendations. The enzyme and premix were mixed prior to the preparation of the total mixed ration, and the trial lasted for a duration of 42 days. The results indicated that the application of the fibrolytic enzyme did not have a significant effect on dry matter intake (DMI), but it did enhance the digestibility of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), potentially digestible NDF (pdNDF), organic matter (OM), milk production, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). On the other hand, the slightly lower energy diet resulted in a decrease in DMI, milk production, milk protein yield, plasma free amino acids (FAA), and an increase in plasma B-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). In conclusion, the inclusion of the fibrolytic enzyme in the diets of dairy cows led to improvements in the digestibility of DM, NDF, pdNDF, OM, milk production, and feed efficiency. Furthermore, the application of the enzyme to the slightly lower energy diet resulted in milk production levels comparable to those observed in cows fed the untreated normal energy diet.

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Section: Feed Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Milk Yield and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of commercial fibrolytic enzymes application to normal- and slightly lower energy diets on lactational performance, digestibility and plasma nutrients in high-producing dairy cows

Yang,

Zhao,

Lin

2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…ester bonds and ether bonds) between lignin and polysaccharides through hydroxycinnamic acid and ferulic acid bridges in the complex plant cell wall. However, there is no study on the optimal dosage of these innovative enzymes on whole crop faba (legume) silage and whole crop faba-oat (legume-cereal) intercropping silage in the literature [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Conventional Ruminant Techniques and Molecular Spectroscopy to Study the Impact of Additive Fibrolytic Enzymes and Maturity Stage on Nutritional and Molecular Structural Changes of Legume and Legume-Cereal Intercropped Silage

Guevara,

Nagy,

Yang

et al. 2024

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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This chapter aims to I) provide research background and motivation on the impact of additive fibrolytic enzyme and maturity stage at harvesting on molecular structural changes and nutritional value of the cool-season legume silage and legume-cereal intercropped silage; II) provide recent research progress and development in whole plant faba bean (legume) silage and faba-oat (legume-cereal) intercropped silage. The reviewed projects include: I) effect of adding different levels of additive fibrolytic enzymes on utilisation of cool-season whole plant faba bean silage in ruminants to find an optimal dose level for this faba silage; II) effect of adding different levels of fibrolytic enzymes on utilisation of cool-season intercropped whole plant faba-oat (legume-cereal) silage in ruminants; III) effect of maturity stage at harvesting on nutritive quality of whole plant faba silage; IV) effect of frost damage on nutritive quality of whole plant faba forage in ruminant; V) feeding trial and dairy production performance, milk yield (ECM, FCM, fat yield etc.) with whole plant faba legume silage in early lactating cows to replace traditional barley and corn silages; VI) availability and utilisation of whole plant faba silage and intercropped whole plant faba-oat intercropped silage in ruminants; VII) using molecular spectroscopy to study nutrition and structure interaction of faba silage at cellular and molecular levels. Based on the scientific findings presented in this chapter, the following most important conclusions can be drawn: cool-season faba (legume) variety with different tannin levels impact not only nutrient profiles but also protein and carbohydrate-related molecular structure makeup. Additionally, the nutrient supply, bioenergy, degradation, digestion, and metabolic characteristics of cool-season faba silage and intercropped faba-oat silage were highly related independently and synergistically to molecular structure conformation. Furthermore, the nutrient utilisation and availability of cool-season faba silage and intercropped silage in ruminant livestock systems could be accurately predicted by the protein and carbohydrate molecular structures revealed with cutting stage vibrational molecular spectroscopy when they work together. Additive fibrolytic enzyme and maturity stage at harvesting significantly impacted both nutritional and molecular structural changes of legume and legume-cereal intercropped silage. Dairy production performance and milk yield (ECM, FCM, fat yield, etc.) studies showed that whole plant faba legume silage in early lactating cows could be used as an alternative silage to traditional barley and corn silages. The information described in this chapter gives better insight into cool-season legume silage and legume-cereal intercropping silage research progress in terms of inherent molecular structures, nutritive quality, animal production response, and molecular structure and nutrition delivery interactive relationship as well as impact by maturity stage and dosage levels of additive fibrolytic enzymes in the cool-season legume silage and intercropped legume-cereal silages.

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“…Among these, nutritional factors are the most influential [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. During diet-induced milk fat depression, milk fat production is drastically reduced within a few days, in some cases becoming more than 50% depleted [ 17 , 18 ]. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms by which diet can influence milk fat synthesis is essential for optimizing the nutritional content of milk from ruminant animals, as well as improving the fat content of dairy products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alfalfa Xeno-miR168b Target CPT1A to Regulate Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

et al. 2023

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It was shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the synthesis of milk fat; thus, this manuscript evaluated whether exogenous miRNA (xeno-miRNAs) from alfalfa could influence the milk fat content in dairy cows. At first, mtr-miR168b was screened from dairy cow milk and blood. Then, EdU staining, flow cytometry, Oil Red O staining, qRT-PCR, and WB were applied to explore the effect of xeno-miR168b on the proliferation, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Finally, in order to clarify the pathway that regulated the lipid metabolism of BMECs using xeno-miR168b, a double-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the target gene related to milk fat. These results showed that overexpression of xeno-miR168b inhibited cell proliferation but promoted apoptosis, which also decreased the expression of several lipid metabolism genes, including PPARγ, SCD1, C/EBPβ, and SREBP1, significantly inhibited lipid droplet formation, and reduced triglyceride content in BMECs. Furthermore, the targeting relationship between CPT1A and xeno-miR168b was determined and it was confirmed that CPT1A silencing reduced the expression of lipid metabolism genes and inhibited fat accumulation in BMECs. These findings identified xeno-miR168b from alfalfa as a cross-kingdom regulatory element that could influence milk fat content in dairy cows by modulating CPT1A expression.

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Lactational performance, feeding behavior, ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed whole-plant faba bean silage-based diet with fibrolytic enzyme

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of commercial fibrolytic enzymes application to normal- and slightly lower energy diets on lactational performance, digestibility and plasma nutrients in high-producing dairy cows

Effect of commercial fibrolytic enzymes application to normal- and slightly lower energy diets on lactational performance, digestibility and plasma nutrients in high-producing dairy cows

Using Conventional Ruminant Techniques and Molecular Spectroscopy to Study the Impact of Additive Fibrolytic Enzymes and Maturity Stage on Nutritional and Molecular Structural Changes of Legume and Legume-Cereal Intercropped Silage

Alfalfa Xeno-miR168b Target CPT1A to Regulate Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

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