Lactational and Systemic Responses of Dairy Cows to Postruminal Infusions of Increasing Amounts of Methionine

Pisulewski, P. M.; Rulquin, Henri; Peyraud, Jean‐Louis; Vérité, R.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(96)76546-3

Cited by 101 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…2, is likely to be the result of the catabolism of Met (Baker 1994). Increases in the blood cysteine concentration have been reported previously in experiments using supplementary Met (Pisulewski et al 1996). These results support the suggestion that Met was not limiting protein synthesis during late lactation, as the extra supply of Met was apparently catabolized instead of being incorporated into extra production of milk proteins.…”

Section: Milk Production and Compositionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The effects of methionine supplementation upon milk composition and production of forage-fed dairy cows

D¹,

McNabb²,

Hill³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1999. The effects of methionine supplementation upon milk composition and production of forage-fed dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 79: [235][236][237][238][239][240][241]. Two experiments (mid-and late lactation) were conducted to test whether methionine (Met) limited milk production in Friesian cows fed sole diets of fresh perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture. In mid-lactation (exp. 1), 26 cows were assigned to one of three treatments: ruminally protected oral DL-Met (15 g d -1 ), continuous intrajugular infusion of L-Met (15 g d -1 ) and control. Twelve animals from exp. 1 were used during late lactation (exp. 2) and distributed in two experimental groups: ruminally protected oral DL-Met (15 g d -1 ) and control. Dry matter, metabolizable energy, crude protein and Met intakes, milk yield and composition and blood Met, cysteine and urea were measured. Oral and intravenous Met supplementation increased blood Met concentration by 50-90% compared with controls. Met supplementation did not alter the concentration of milk fat, protein or lactose in either experiment. Met supplementation had no significant effects on yields of fat, lactose, casein, whey proteins or non-protein nitrogen during mid-lactation. In late lactation, Met supplementation did not affect milk protein composition or yield of milk components, with exception of a decrease (P < 0.05) in the yield of β-casein. Intravenous Met supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the efficiency of conversion of pasture N to milk protein in mid-lactation. ) sur la composition et la production de lait ont été déter-minés chez les vaches de race Frisonne en mi-lactation (expérience 1) et fin de lactation (expérience 2). Les vaches ont été alimentées exclusivement avec du pâturage de raygrass et trèfle blanc fraîchement coupé dans les deux expériences. Dans l'expérience 1, 26 vaches en mi-lactation ont reçu un des trois traitements suivants: administration orale de la DL-méthionine protégée contre le dégradation ruminale, perfusion intraveineuse continue de la L-méthionine ou témoin. Dans l'expérience 2, 12 vaches de l'expérience 1 ont été utilisées en fin de lactation et distribuées en deux groupes expérimentaux: administration orale de la DL-méthionine protégée ou témoin. La complémentation orale et intraveineuse en méthionine a augmenté la concentration sanguine de méthionine. La complémentation orale et/ou intraveineuse en méthionine n'a pas modifié la concentration du gras, de la protéine et du lactose dans le lait en mi-et fin de lactation. La complémentation en méthionine n'a pas eu des effets significatifs sur la production de gras, de lactose, caséine, des protéines du lactosérum et de la fraction azotée non-protéique en mi-lactation. En fin de lactation, la complémentation orale en méthionine n'a pas affecté la production des constituants du lait ainsi que sa composition protéique à l'exception d'une diminution (P < 0.05) de la production de la β-caséine. La complémentation intraveineuse en méthionine a augmenté (P < 0.05) l'efficacité de la conversion de l...

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Section: Milk Production and Compositionsupporting

confidence: 79%

The effects of methionine supplementation upon milk composition and production of forage-fed dairy cows

D¹,

McNabb²,

Hill³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…This corresponds well to the high plasma concentrations observed for Lys. Hovewer, Met concentrations were clearly lower than what have been observed in high-yielding cows with possible Met limitation (Pisulewski et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…The AA reaching the duodenum in a common grass silage-based diet can be limiting in specific AA. Infusion of individual AA, as His (Vanhatalo et al, 1999), Met (Pisulewski et al, 1996;Robinson et al, 2000) and Lys (Robinson et al, 2000) has increased the milk protein production, which indicates that these AA have been limiting milk protein synthesis. Compared with in His limiting diets (Thivierge et al, 2002), the present plasma His concentrations were high, and combined with low extraction rates, this suggests that His was not limiting on the AP or AB treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-ruminal or intravenous infusions of carbohydrates or amino acids to dairy cows 1. Early lactation

Schei

Danfær²,

Boman

et al. 2007

Animal

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The objectives of this study were to compare the effects of post-ruminal and intravenous infusions of wheat starch or glucose (CHO) or a mixture of amino acids (AA) on milk protein yield, nitrogen utilisation, plasma metabolites and mammary extraction rate of dairy cows in early lactation. Eight cow, ruminally fistulated, was assigned to two 4 £ 4 Latin squares during 14-day periods, where the last 7 days were for infusions. Infusions were: (1) starch in the abomasum (SP), (2) glucose in the blood (GB), (3) AA in the abomasum (AP), and (4) AA in the blood (AB). The experiment started 54^4 days (mean^S.E.) post partum (milk yield 33.4^1.7 kg). Daily amounts of nutrients infused were 378, 365, 341, and 333 g for SP, GB, AP and AB, respectively. The cows were fed a basal diet consisting of a concentrate mixture and grass silage (55:45 on dry-matter (DM) basis), and DM intake was 17.2 kg/day. Milk production was affected by site of infusion within substrate, whereas infusion substrates within infusion site (CHO or AA) were of minor importance. Compared with SP infusion, GB infusion increased ( P , 0.05) milk protein yield and concentration by 55 g and 1 g/kg. The AB infusion tended to ( P , 0.10) increase milk yield and ECM and increased ( P , 0.05) protein yield and concentration by 1.8 and 2.2 kg, 83 g and 1.1 g/kg compared with AP infusion, respectively. Nitrogen balance data indicated higher losses of metabolic faecal nitrogen (MFN) by abomasal than by intravenous infusions, and an increased ( P , 0.05) catabolism for AP and AB infusions compared with SP and GB infusions. GB infusion did not increase ( P . 0.10) plasma glucose or insulin concentrations above that of SP infusion. Compared with the SP infusion, the GB infusion had minor effect on plasma AA. AP infusion increased ( P , 0.05) plasma non-essential AA (NEAA) concentration compared with AB infusion, whereas infusion site of AA had no effect ( P . 0.05) on essential AA (EAA) or branched-chain AA (BCAA). Although a higher milk protein synthesis was observed for AB infusion, the mammary extraction rate was not higher ( P . 0.05) than for AP infusion. Across infusion site, AP and AB infusions increased plasma concentration of EAA and BCAA, but compared with GB infusion, the mammary extraction rates tended ( P , 0.10) to be lower. It is concluded that abomasal nutrient infusion increases loss of MFN and that the gastrointestinal metabolism influences the nutrients available for milk synthesis. Our conclusion is that when glucose was infused, AA limited a further milk protein synthesis, but when AA was infused, glucose or energy substrate might have been the limiting factor. Our results verify that glucogenic substrates are limiting when cows are in negative energy balance.

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“…The differences in responses to AA suggest that the basal diet and the nutritional status of the cow have important effects on responses. Published values of the arterial His concentration on maize silage (e.g., Schwab et al, 1992;Pisulewski et al, 1996), have varied in the range of 35 to 76 µmol/L and thus have been much higher than the respective concentrations on grass silage diets (Vanhatalo et al, 1999). That is why recent AA infusion studies (Vanhatalo et al, 1999;Huhtanen et al, 2002) suggest that His is the first-limiting AA on grass silage, cereal-based diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…with regard to the need to reduce plasma cholesterol) it is desirable to increase the content of C18 fatty acids (including stearic acid) and to decrease levels of myristic (C14:0) and palmitic (C16:0) acids. The results of experiments performed by Christensen et al (1994) or Pisulewski et al (1996) suggest that AA may have an impact on de novo synthesis of short-and medium-chain fatty acids in the mammary gland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of rumen-protected protein supplemented with three amino acids on milk yield, composition and fatty acid profile in dairy cows

Třináctý¹,

Křížová²,

Hadrová³

et al. 2006

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The objective of this study was to determine the influence of rumen-protected protein supplemented with the amino acids lysine (Lys), methionine (Met) and histidine (His) added either as a powder or in the form of rumen-protected tablets to the rumen of dairy cows on the yield, composition and technological suitability of milk. The experiment was carried out on three lactating Holstein cows with an average weight of 523 kg fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas. The experiment was divided into 4 periods of 14 d (10 d preliminary period and 4 d experimental period). In the first period one cow received the tablets (T) and the other two received the non-tableted mixture (C) with the same composition. In the subsequent period the design was opposite. Cows were fed a diet based on maize silage, lucerne hay and a supplemental mixture. Powder or tablets consisted of purified soya-protein HP 300, Lys, Met and His. Average milk yield in C cows was 16.73 kg and was significantly lower than in T cows (17.8 kg; P<0.05). Protein, fat and lactose contents were unaffected by the treatment. Protein yield was lower (529.5 g/d) in the C than in the T (569.3 g/d; P<0.05) cows. The increase in milk protein yield in T cows was followed closely by progressive increases in casein content (2.46 vs 2.68%). The content of short-and medium-chain fatty acids was higher and the proportion of C18:1, C18:2, C18:3n3 and C20:1 was lower in the C than in the T (P<0.05) animals. The proportion of UFA (both MUFA and PUFA) was increased and that of SFA in milk (P<0.05) was decreased in the T animals. The total SFA:UFA ratio was higher in C compared with T cows (1.89 vs 1.52; P<0.05).

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Lactational and Systemic Responses of Dairy Cows to Postruminal Infusions of Increasing Amounts of Methionine

Cited by 101 publications

References 24 publications

The effects of methionine supplementation upon milk composition and production of forage-fed dairy cows

The effects of methionine supplementation upon milk composition and production of forage-fed dairy cows

Post-ruminal or intravenous infusions of carbohydrates or amino acids to dairy cows 1. Early lactation

Effect of rumen-protected protein supplemented with three amino acids on milk yield, composition and fatty acid profile in dairy cows

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