Lactation Suppresses Diurnal Rhythm of Serum Leptin

Pickavance, Lucy; Tadayyon, Mohammad; Williams, Gareth; Vernon, Richard G.

doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8934

Cited by 78 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A substantial part of this weight loss was due to fat loss, as judged by both the smaller weight of the WAT depots and the smaller adiposity index on day 2. Both reduced food intake (Ahima et al 1996, Weigle et al 1997, Pickavance et al 1998) and reduced fat mass (Greenberg & Boozer 1999), are known to be followed by decreased plasma leptin concentration. However, despite the presence of both A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a shortterm basis, plasma leptin concentrations also follow food intake patterns so that, despite an essentially unchanged amount of WAT during a 24 h cycle, nocturnal ingestive episodes in rats increase plasma leptin concentration, whereas no intake during the inactive phase of the cycle or fasting, decreases it (Ahima et al 1996, Weigle et al 1997, Pickavance et al 1998. Therefore, leptin is considered both a lipostatic and a satiating signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The anorectic effect of oestradiol does not involve changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations in the rat

Rocha

Grueso²,

Puerta

2001

Journal of Endocrinology

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Oestradiol is a potent anorectic agent that reduces both food intake and body weight. Since leptin is known to reduce food intake, we first analysed if the anorectic effect of oestradiol is driven by an increased leptin concentration in either cerebrospinal fluid or plasma. Oestradiol also reduces body weight and fat mass. Accordingly, a decrease in plasma leptin concentration can also be expected after an oestradiol-driven reduction in fat mass. To test this hypothesis was the second aim of this study. Female Wistar rats received oestradiol chronically during 14 days. During the first week of treatment there was a reduction in food intake, body weight and fat mass that returned to initial values during the second week, but no changes in ob mRNA levels were found in white adipose tissue depots. There was no effect of treatment or time on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations. Therefore, the anorectic effect of oestradiol is not driven by an increase in leptin concentration either in plasma or in cerebrospinal fluid, and the reduction in fat mass that oestradiol produces is not followed by a reduction leptin concentration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anorectic effect of oestradiol does not involve changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations in the rat

Rocha

Grueso²,

Puerta

2001

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Key targets are neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) expressing the signaling form of the leptin receptor (OB-Rb); these are the orexigenic peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AGRP) and the anorexigenic peptides proopiomelanocortin (POMC, precursor for melanocortins) and cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) (4,5,31,62,64,72). Adipose leptin gene expression and serum leptin concentrations are reported to be reduced during lactation in the monogastric rat in most (16,36,39,56,65,74), but not all (17,19,61), studies. NPY (18,21,43,44,54,55,63,71) and AGRP (18) are upregulated, and POMC is downregulated (54,63) in the hypothalamus during lactation in the rat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin secretion and hypothalamic neuropeptide and receptor gene expression in sheep

Sørensen

Adam²,

Findlay³

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Sheep were fed ad libitum and killed at 6 and 18 days of lactation; ad libitum-fed nonlactating sheep were killed as controls. Despite increased food intake, lactating ewes were in negative energy balance. Lactation decreased plasma leptin and adipose tissue leptin mRNA concentrations. OB-Rb gene expression, determined by in situ hybridization, was increased in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) at both stages of lactation. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was increased by lactation in both the ARC and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH), although increased gene expression in the DMH was only apparent at day 18 of lactation. Gene expression was decreased for cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in the ARC and VMH and for proopiomelanocortin in ARC during lactation. Agouti-related peptide gene expression was increased in the ARC, and melanocortin receptor expression was unchanged in both the ARC and VMH with lactation. Thus the hypoleptinemia of lactation may activate NPY orexigenic pathways and attenuate anorexigenic melanocortin and CART pathways in the hypothalamus to promote the hyperphagia of lactation. hypothalamic neuropeptides; appetite NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS ARE markedly increased during lactation to meet the demands for milk production (7,70). In most mammals, these additional requirements are met primarily by increasing food intake (7,20,70), but factors regulating the hyperphagia of lactation are not well understood. In addition, in many species, the increased intake is insufficient to meet the metabolic demands, resulting in a state of negative energy balance during early lactation when body lipid reserves are mobilized (7,69). In some species such as the rat, the degree of negative energy balance is usually slight, with animals mobilizing ϳ1 g fat/day (7). Domestic ruminants, however, usually exhibit a greater degree of negative energy balance during early lactation (7, 11), which can impact on their welfare and productivity (28), yet the regulatory mechanisms have not been elucidated.It is postulated that leptin, a peptide hormone secreted by adipose tissue (75), could play a role in the hyperphagia of lactation. Leptin acts on hypothalamic neuronal systems to regulate energy balance and neuroendocrine function; in particular, a reduction in circulating leptin is a potent signal of negative energy balance, activating compensatory orexigenic pathways in the hypothalamus (3-5, 35, 64). Key targets are neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) expressing the signaling form of the leptin receptor (OB-Rb); these are the orexigenic peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AGRP) and the anorexigenic peptides proopiomelanocortin (POMC, precursor for melanocortins) and cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) (4,5,31,62,64,72). Adipose leptin gene expression and serum leptin concentrations are reported to be reduced during lactation in the monogastric rat in most (16,36,39,56,65,74), but not all (17,19,61), studies. NPY (18,21,...

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“…Enerji metabolizmasın-daki düzenleyici rolü nedeni ile leptinin gebelik ve laktasyon süresince maternal adaptasyonda rol oynayabileceği belirtilmiştir. 31 Yağ doku kökenli leptinin yanısıra plasenta kökenli leptinin de hipotalamusa etki ederek maternal enerji tüketi-mini düzenlediği, ayrıca plasenta kökenli leptinin kas, karaciğer, pankreas gibi maternal periferal dokuları etkileyerek glukoz metabolizması ve insülin duyarlılığını regüle ettiği saptanmıştır. 32 …”

Section: Lepti̇n Hormonunun Görevleri̇unclassified

“…31 Obezite, gıda alımı, glukoz, insülin, kortizol, endotoksin ve sitokinler serum leptin düzeylerini artır-maktadır. 27 İnsanlarda ve kemirgenlerde leptinin yemek sonrası artışı, insülin salgılanmasının en üst seviyeye yükselmesini takiben gerçekleşir.…”

Section: Hi̇perlepti̇nemi̇unclassified

Factors Affecting Blood Leptin, Ghrelin and Adiponectin Levels:Review

Altıner¹,

Şahin²,

Bilal³

et al. 2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Vet Sci

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Kan Leptin, Grelin ve Adiponektin Düzeylerini Etkileyen Faktörler Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Bazı gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde obezite önemli bir sağlık sorunudur ve Tip 2 diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, zayıflamış immünite, eklem rahatsızlıkları gibi birçok sağlık sorununa zemin hazırlar. Adipoz doku nöroendokrin, otonomik ve immün fonksiyonların kontrolü kadar enerji dengesinde de aktif bir rol oynar ve leptin, adiponektin ile resistin gibi adipokinleri sentezler ve salgı-lar. Obezite, gıda alımı, glukoz, insülin, kortizol, endotoksinler ve sitokinler serum leptin düzeylerini artırmaktadırlar. Gıda alımı arttığında leptin salgısı artar ve insülin direnci gelişir. Hiperleptineminin metabolik sendromun bir komponenti olduğu da bilinmektedir. Grelin, iştahı açan ve glukoz oksidasyonu ile lipogenezi uyaran bir mide peptididir. İnsanlarda ve hayvanlarda yiyecek alımını ve yağlan-mayı artırır. Düşük protein diyeti ile beslenmede grelin düzeyleri artar, yüksek yağlı diyetle beslenmede ise düşer. Adiponektin, yağ hücrelerinden dolaşıma bırakılan çok fonksiyonlu bir peptit hormondur. Bu adipokin antiinflamatuvar, antiaterojenik, antidiyabetik ve antitümör özelliklere sahiptir ve çeşitli kalp ile karaciğer hasarlarına karşı organizmayı korumaktadır. Dolaşımdaki düzeyleri obezitede düşüktür ve kilo kaybı ile birlikte artar. Adiponektin, obezite ile ilişkili patolojilerin önlenmesi ve tedavisi için yeni bir hedef olabilir. Derlemenin amacı güncel bir sağlık sorunu olan obezite ile ilişkili ve enerji dengesine aracılık eden peptitler leptin, grelin ve adiponektinin kan düzeylerinin azalması veya artmasına neden olan faktörleri birarada incelemektir.A An na ah ht ta ar r K Ke el li im me el le er r: : Obezite; leptin; grelin; adiponektin A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T Obesity is a major health problem in some developed and developing countries, and predisposes to many health problems such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, weakened immunity and joint diseases. Adipose tissue plays an active role in energy balance as well as control of the neuroendocrine, autonomic and immune functions, and synthesizes and secretes adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin and resistin. Obesity, food intake, glucose, insulin, cortisol, endotoxins and cytokines increase serum leptin levels. The increased food intake increases the leptin secretion, and insulin resistance occurs. Hyperleptinemia is also known to be a component of the metabolic syndrome. Ghrelin is a stomach peptide stimulating the lipogenesis, the oxidation of glucose and the appetite. Ghrelin increases food intake and lubrication in humans and animals. Low protein diet increases the ghrelin levels, and high fat diet decreases them. Adiponectin is a multifunctional peptide hormone that is released from fat cells into the circulation. This adipokine has antiinflammatory, antiatherogenic, antidiabetic and antitumor properties and protects the organism against various heart and liver damages. The circulating levels of adiponectin is low in obesity, and increase with wei...

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Lactation Suppresses Diurnal Rhythm of Serum Leptin

Cited by 78 publications

References 29 publications

The anorectic effect of oestradiol does not involve changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations in the rat

The anorectic effect of oestradiol does not involve changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations in the rat

Leptin secretion and hypothalamic neuropeptide and receptor gene expression in sheep

Factors Affecting Blood Leptin, Ghrelin and Adiponectin Levels:Review

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