Lacrosse Injuries Among High School Boys and Girls in the United States

Xiang, Joe; Collins, Christy L.; Liu, Daniel; McKenzie, Lara B.; Comstock, R. Dawn

doi:10.1177/0363546514539914

Cited by 51 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Previous research has found that competition injury rates were higher than practice injury rates (Dick et al 2007a; Hinton et al 2005; McCulloch and Bach 2007; Xiang et al 2014). Even with a more inclusive injury definition (including NTL injuries), our study found a similar competition vs. practice injury rate ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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The epidemiology of NCAA men’s lacrosse injuries, 2009/10-2014/15 academic years

et al. 2017

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BackgroundParticipation in lacrosse has grown at the collegiate levels. However, little research has examined the epidemiology of collegiate men’s lacrosse injuries. This study describes the epidemiology of injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men’s lacrosse during the 2009/10–2014/15 academic years.MethodsTwenty-five men’s lacrosse programs provided 63 team-seasons of data for the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP) during the 2009/10–2014/15 academic years. Injuries occurred from participation in an NCAA-sanctioned practice or competition, and required attention from an AT or physician. Injuries were further classified as time loss (TL) injuries if the injury restricted participation for at least 24 h. Injuries were reported through electronic medical record application used by the team medical staff throughout the academic year. Injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AE), injury rate ratios (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and injury proportions were reported.ResultsOverall, 1055 men’s lacrosse injuries were reported, leading to an injury rate of 5.29/1000AE; 95%CI: 4.98–5.61. The TL injury rate was 2.74/1000AE (95%CI: 2.51–2.96). The overall injury rate was higher in competition than practice (12.35 vs. 3.90/1000AE; RR = 3.16; 95%CI: 2.79–3.58). Most injuries were to the lower extremity (58.3%), particularly the ankle (14.1%) in competition and the upper leg (14.3%) in practice. Sprains and strains were the most common diagnoses in both competition (26.9 and 23.7%, respectively) and practice (20.2% and 27.4%, respectively). Most injuries in competitions and practices were due to player contact (32.8 and 17.5%, respectively) and non-contact (29.6 and 40.0%, respectively).ConclusionsOur estimated injury rates are lower than those from previous college men’s lacrosse research. This may be due to increased injury awareness, advances in injury prevention exercise programs, or rule changes. Still, injury prevention can aim to continue reducing the incidence and severity of injury, particularly those sustained in competitions and to the lower extremity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…These data include NTL injuries, which had not been previously captured in past injury surveillance efforts (Dick et al 2007a; Xiang et al 2014). These findings provide a wider breadth of the type of injuries sustained by men’s lacrosse athletes and managed by ATs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of NCAA men’s lacrosse injuries, 2009/10-2014/15 academic years

et al. 2017

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“…3,4 At the high school level, the most frequently reported injuries in boys' and girls' lacrosse were sprains/strains and concussions. 6 At the high school level, both sexes were more likely to sustain an injury during a game than during a practice. 6 In boys' lacrosse, the most common mechanism of injury was contact with another person, including activities such as general play and body checking by another person.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…5 Studies of girls' lacrosse have shown higher rates of head, face, and eye injuries, most likely because of the lack of any required head/face protection other than a mouth guard at the time. 6 Although similar to a number of sports, such as football and soccer, the potential level of physical contact coupled with rapid deceleration and cutting involved in competitive lacrosse may predispose participants to a variety of injuries. Based on the recent increase in participation, especially among young individuals, 2 and the specific demands of the sports, it is important to understand the most common mechanisms of injury, types of diagnosed injuries, and injured body parts.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comparison of High School Boys' and Girls' Lacrosse Injuries: Academic Years 2008–2009 Through 2015–2016

Warner

Savage

Kuenze

et al. 2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context The sex-based differences in the structure and rules of boys' and girls' lacrosse result in very different styles of play, which may have significant implications for the rates and patterns of injuries. Objective To compare the epidemiology of injuries sustained by boys' and girls' lacrosse players. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting Web-based online surveillance system. Patients or Other Participants The High School Reporting Information Online database was used to analyze injuries reported by certified athletic trainers from 2008–2009 through 2015–2016. Main Outcome Measure(s) Practice and competition injury rates, body site, diagnosis, and mechanism. Results Boys had a higher injury rate than girls (20.9 versus 15.7 per 10 000 athlete-exposures, respectively; rate ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.2, 1.4). The most commonly injured body sites for boys and girls, respectively, were the lower extremities (38.0%, 56.4%) and the head/neck (28.3%, 29.8%). More specifically, the most frequently diagnosed injuries for both boys and girls, respectively, in competitions were concussions (23.1%, 25.6%), ankle ligament sprains (7.8%, 15.3%), upper leg strains (4.8%, 6.7%), and knee ligament sprains (4.2%, 6.7%). The most cited mechanism of injury overall was contact with another player (22.0%); among boys, it was contact with a stick (14.8%) and among girls, the most frequent mechanisms were overuse (25.0%) and contact with a stick (14.7%). Conclusions Injury rates and mechanisms of injuries differed between high school boys' and girls' lacrosse players. Boys had a higher rate of injury, with the most common mechanism of injury being contact with another player compared with overuse in girls. However, similarities were seen between sexes for the most frequently injured body sites and injury diagnoses. Future authors should continue to compare differences in injury rates, equipment upgrades, and rule changes in boys' and girls' lacrosse.

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“…In sports played by both sexes, girls experience higher concussion rates than boys (Covassin, Moran, & Elbin, 2016;Gessel, Fields, Collins, Dick, & Comstock, 2007;Marar, McIlvain, Fields, & Comstock, 2012), and girls are more likely to report past concussions than boys (Miyashita, Diakogeorgiou, & VanderVegt, 2016). Differences in sports practices and rules may explain some of this differencefor instance, helmets are required for high school lacrosse for males but not females (Xiang, Collins, Liu, McKenzie, & Comstock, 2014). Other possible explanations for increased risk for concussions among females have included biomechanical variations (e.g., neck strength and mass), hormonal differences, social pressure to withhold reporting among males, and differences in concussion severity or symptomology (Covassin & Elbin, 2011;Eckner, Oh, Joshi, Richardson, & Ashton-Miller, 2014;Raukar et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of patient characteristics on nurse practitioners’ assessment and management of adolescent concussion

Graves

Klein

2017

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners

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Background and purpose To evaluate the effect of patient sex and type of activity on concussion assessment and management recommendations. Methods We administered a web‐based survey to all nurse practitioners (NPs) actively licensed in Washington and Oregon. Participants were randomized to view one of four standardized patient scenario videos of an adolescent seeking care for a concussion, portraying the same symptomology but differing by sex and activity (soccer/hiking). Respondents provided assessment and management recommendations. Conclusions In total, 1021 NPs provided sufficient data for analysis. Most NPs correctly identified the injury as a concussion (92.8%); fewer identified it as a mild traumatic brain injury (55.3%). NPs who viewed hiking videos were 40% more likely to indicate that the patient was definitely or likely safe to return to activity in 1 week, compared to a soccer player, after adjusting for covariates (RR = 1.40, 95% CI [1.16, 1.68]). Implications for practice While most assessment and management recommendations did not vary according to patient sex, providers may manage concussions differently based on etiology. Appropriate and consistent concussion assessment and management is important, as NPs are authorized to assess adolescents with concussions and make determinations regarding return to activity or school.

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Lacrosse Injuries Among High School Boys and Girls in the United States

Cited by 51 publications

References 23 publications

The epidemiology of NCAA men’s lacrosse injuries, 2009/10-2014/15 academic years

The epidemiology of NCAA men’s lacrosse injuries, 2009/10-2014/15 academic years

A Comparison of High School Boys' and Girls' Lacrosse Injuries: Academic Years 2008–2009 Through 2015–2016

The impact of patient characteristics on nurse practitioners’ assessment and management of adolescent concussion

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