Lack of Response to Addition of Degradable Protein to a Low Protein Diet Fed to Midlactation Dairy Cows

Armentano, L.E.; Bertics, S.J.; Riesterer, Janet L.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77718-8

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The 12.1% CP diets resulted in higher rumen ammonia and plasma urea concentrations, possibly because of increased supply of rumen degradable N. It has been demonstrated that increased supply of dietary N and specifically rumen degradable N has a direct effect on rumen ammonia concentration and subsequently on levels of urea in the blood (Armentano et al 1993;Castillo et al 2001). SRU diets resulted in lower rumen ammonia and decreased plasma urea concentrations, especially at 10.9% CP, because of its controlled-release properties, which may indicate that SRU may carry a lower risk for toxicity 100 V.B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of crude protein concentration and slow release urea on nitrogen metabolism in Holstein steers

Holder

El‐Kadi

Tricárico

et al. 2013

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of slow release urea (SRU) and its interaction with crude protein (CP) level in the diet on N metabolism in Holstein steers. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein steers (body weight 265 ± 18 kg) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment structure. Treatment factors were the CP level in the diet, 10.9% versus 12.1% CP, and the non-protein nitrogen source used, urea versus SRU. Total collection of urine and faeces for 7 days allowed the estimation of N retention and diet digestibility. In addition, blood and rumen sampling allowed estimation of rumen fermentation and blood N profiles. Decreasing CP intake from 12.1% to 10.9% reduced urinary N output, but also reduced diet digestibility and N retention. When compared to urea, SRU did not alter N retention, but reduced ruminal ammonia and plasma urea concentrations. Although SRU did not improve N retention at either CP level, rumen ammonia and plasma urea concentrations were reduced, which may indicate that SRU may carry a lower risk for toxicity when compared to urea when fed at higher dietary concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of crude protein concentration and slow release urea on nitrogen metabolism in Holstein steers

Holder

El‐Kadi

Tricárico

et al. 2013

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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“…It is well known that production of isoacids by microbes is related to potential release of amino acids (AA) and deamination from proteins in the rumen, and that this occurs when optimal rumen degradable proteins are consumed (Armentano et al, 1993;Yang et al, 2004). In the rumen, cellulolytic bacteria primarily use NH 3 -N while amylolytic bacteria prefer to use AA as they have a proteolytic activity.…”

Section: Isoacidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen fermentation pattern of dairy heifers fed restricted amounts of low, medium, and high concentrate diets without and with yeast culture

Lascano

Heinrichs

2009

Livestock Science

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Restricted feeding and high concentrate diets are potential strategies for growing dairy heifers. Ruminal manipulation with additives such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast culture (YC) has been shown to alter digestibility when added to this type of diet. An experiment was conducted to investigate the ruminal fermentation and in situ digestibility of diets with 3 different levels of forage to concentrate (F:C) fed at restricted intake without and with YC addition. Three cannulated post-pubertal Holstein heifers (age 18.0 ± 1.2 months; body weight 449.6 ± 19.7 kg) were fed diets consisting of corn silage as the sole forage source in a 3 period (35-day) Latin square design. Heifers were fed diets for 21 days with no YC addition, followed by 14 days where YC was added to the diet (1 g/kg as fed basis). Low (LC), medium (MC), and high (HC) concentrate diets (20, 40, and 60% concentrate) were fed once daily on a restricted basis to provide 0.22 Mcal ME/kg empty BW 0.75 . Rumen fluid was sampled on days 18 and 32 of each period, and rumen contents were evacuated on days 21 and 35 of each period. An in situ study was done on days 14 to 17 and on days 28 to 31. Mean ruminal pH was not different between dietary treatments and no YC effect was detected. Mean total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ruminal ammonia-nitrogen (NH 3 -N) concentration was also not different among diets with different F:C. Molar proportions of acetate were decreased, and propionate were increased; while the acetate-to-propionate ratio was decreased as the concentrate level increased from LC to HC. Total VFA, propionate, and acetate as well as isoacids concentration increased, yet NH 3 -N concentration decreased with YC addition in all diets. From these results we conclude that feeding HC diets in restricted amounts had minimal effects on rumen fermentation rate between different F:C diets. The addition of YC modified NH 3 -N and volatile fatty acid concentrations in the rumen in all 3 diets in this study, presumably through alterations in endproduct production and utilization.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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“…The concentration of ammonia in the rumen is a function of both the rate of ruminal N degradation and the concentration of rumen degradable protein (RDP) above microbial needs and the amount of dietary energy available to the ruminal microorganisms (Hirstov et al, 2004). Increasing crude protein concentration or RDP percentage usually results in an increase of ruminal ammonia concentration (Armentano et al, 1993;Davidson et al, 2003). In the present study, supplements were isonitrogenous.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of the dietary level of cull pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and digestibility of hair lambs

et al. 2017

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-The objective was to evaluate the effect of three levels of cull pinto beans (CPB; Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and nutrient digestibility in hair lambs. Six cannulated lambs averaging 56.6±3.8 kg were used and were randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Treatments were: 0.0 kg kg -1 of CPB in the supplement (control); 0.25 kg kg -1 of CPB in the supplement (CB25); and 0.40 kg kg -1 of CPB in the supplement (CB40). Dry matter intake, ruminal pH, NH 3 , and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, methane production, Kp (passage rate), MRT (mean retention time), and digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber were evaluated. Data were analyzed in a Latin square design, repeated in line, by MIXED procedure of SAS. Estimates used for Kp and MRT were obtained by a non-linear regression model (PROC NLIN). Dry matter intake was reduced by supplementation of CPB. No differences were found in ruminal pH or ruminal NH 3 . During the trial, differences were found for ruminal VFA concentration (mM), which were greater for the CB25 group. The propionate:acetate ratio was greater for the CB40 treatment. Methane production (mM/m) differed among treatments, but it was the greatest for the CB40 group. Passage rate (kg kg -1 /h) and MRT (h) were similar among treatments and the digestibility (kg kg -1 ) of dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber was not different among treatments. The inclusion of 0.25 kg kg -1 of CPB in the diet of hair lambs allows for appropriate nutrient digestion without affecting Kp and MRT and increases the molar proportion of the ability of VFA to maintain acetate:propionate ratio without increasing methane production.

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Lack of Response to Addition of Degradable Protein to a Low Protein Diet Fed to Midlactation Dairy Cows

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

The effects of crude protein concentration and slow release urea on nitrogen metabolism in Holstein steers

The effects of crude protein concentration and slow release urea on nitrogen metabolism in Holstein steers

Rumen fermentation pattern of dairy heifers fed restricted amounts of low, medium, and high concentrate diets without and with yeast culture

Effect of the dietary level of cull pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on ruminal fermentation, kinetics, and digestibility of hair lambs

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