Lack of persistent effects of ketamine in rodent models of depression

Abstract

These data indicate that ketamine neither produces enduring antidepressant-like effects in rodents nor does it display antidepressant-like behavioral or neurochemical effects after chronic treatment.

Small-Molecule Inhibitors at the PSD-95/nNOS Interface have Antidepressant-Like Properties in Mice

“…However, to our knowledge, there are no reports on delayed or sustained effects of NOS inhibitors in these paradigms following a single dose. Sustained antidepressant effects have been reported following ketamine administration in the TST and FST in mice although reports to date are equivocal (Autry et al, 2011;Bechtholt-Gompf et al, 2011;Koike et al, 2011;Maeng et al, 2008;Popik et al, 2008). Such a profile is consistent with other reports where acute administration with ketamine rapidly ameliorates anhedonic and anxiogenic behaviours in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress (Garcia et al, 2009;Li et al, 2011) and depressionrelated behaviour in a nerve injury model of neuropathic pain (Wang et al, 2011).…”

Is Forced Swimming Immobility a Good Endpoint for Modeling Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia? - Study of Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Repeated Administration Effects

“…The antidepressant effect of sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine has been demonstrated in several studies in mice (Maeng et al 2008, Popik et al 2008, Silva et al 2010, rats (Akinfiresoye and Tizabi 2013, Fraga et al 2013, Garcia et al 2008a, b, 2009, Li et al 2010, Parise et al 2013, Popik et al 2008, Reus et al 2011, Tizabi et al 2012, Yang et al 2012) and humans (Maeng and Zarate 2007, Rot et al 2010, Zarate et al 2006, and the investigation of its mechanism of action or even the involvement of active metabolites is an active field of research (Li et al 2010, Newport et al 2015, Zanos et al 2016). Contrary to our results, there are few works successfully describing the use of ketamine repeated treatment to mimic schizophrenia negative symptoms in the forced swimming.…”

“…The first one used male Wistar rats and demonstrated that ketamine 50 mg/kg/day i.p. for 14 days induced a decrease on animals' immobility time, which is not persistent after treatment interruption (Popik et al 2008). The second one showed an anti-immobility effect of ketamine 0.5 and 2.5 mg/kg/day i.p.…”

“…Some authors characterized an increase in the immobility as a behavior related to apathy (Chatterjee et al 2011, Chindo et al 2012, Hou et al 2013, while others showed a decrease on this behavior (Akinfiresoye and Tizabi 2013, Garcia et al 2008b, Owolabi et al 2014, Parise et al 2013, Popik et al 2008, Tizabi et al 2012 probably related to the described rapid antidepressant effect of this drug (Rot et al 2010, Zarate et al 2006. In a recent review, Neill et al (2014) discuss this issue and highlight the necessity of more studies to achieve a better understanding of schizophrenia symptoms modeling by NMDAR antagonists using behavioral tasks associated to anhedonia and emotional blunting, especially in mice.…”

Antidepressants and Morphological Plasticity of Monoamine Neurons

“…In animals, other NMDA antagonists such as MK-801 and CPP as well as ketamine have been reported to cause rapid antidepressant action in animals, though the effects are short-lasting compared to ketamine (Maeng et al, 2008;Autry et al, 2011). Many studies have corroborated the fact that the antidepressant effects of a single injection of ketamine persist up to 1-2 weeks in humans (Berman et al, 2000;Zarate et al, 2006;Price et al, 2009;Phelps et al, 2009;aan het Rot et al, 2010) and animals (Maeng et a., 2008;Li et al, 2010;Autry et al, 2011), while other studies failed to confirm the persistent effects of such an injection in rodents (Popik et al, 2008;Lindholm et al, 2011). Since the fast-acting, sustained antidepressant effects of www.intechopen.com Fig.…”