Lack of Effects of a Single High-Fat Meal Enriched with Vegetable n-3 or a Combination of Vegetable and Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on Intestinal Peptide Release and Adipokines in Healthy Female Subjects

Abstract

Peptides released from the small intestine and colon regulate short-term food intake by suppressing appetite and inducing satiety. Intake of marine omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) from fish and fish oils is associated with beneficial health effects, whereas the relation between intake of the vegetable n-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid and diseases is less clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the postprandial effects of a single high-fat meal enriched with vegetable n-3 or a combination of vegetable and marine n-3 FAs with their different unsaturated fatty acid composition on intestinal peptide release and the adipose tissue. Fourteen healthy lean females consumed three test meals with different fat quality in a fixed order. The test meal consisted of three cakes enriched with coconut fat, linseed oil, and a combination of linseed and cod liver oil. The test days were separated by 2 weeks. Fasting and postprandial blood samples at 3 and 6 h after intake were analyzed. A significant postprandial effect was observed for cholecystokinin, peptide YY, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, amylin and insulin, which increased, while leptin decreased postprandially independent of the fat composition in the high-fat meal. In conclusion, in healthy, young, lean females, an intake of a high-fat meal enriched with n-3 FAs from different origin stimulates intestinal peptide release without any difference between the different fat compositions.

The study of metabolic improvement by nutritional intervention controlling endogenous GIP (Mini Egg study): a randomized, cross-over study

“…In addition, fish oil, which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, suppresses the postprandial GIP response more effectively than cocoa butter and olive oil [37]. However, it has been shown that in healthy young and lean females, there was no difference in postprandial GIP secretion induced by coconut fat (a source for saturated fatty acids), linseed oil, and a mixture of linseed and cod liver oil [38]. In the present study, we found that a SMART WASHOKU meal decreases serum GIP secretions during a meal tolerance test and VFA during a 2-week dietary intervention.…”

Efeitos da suplementação do ácido graxo alfa-linolênico (ALA) no metabolismo e no estresse do retículo endoplasmático em tecido adiposo visceral de obeso grau III

“…Enquanto isso, o EPA e DHA podem ser encontrados em peixes de águas profundas, como salmão, anchova, sardinha e atum. A associação entre a ingesta de ALA e doenças é menos clara do que a ingesta de EPA e DHA, visto que foi menos estudada que os ácidos graxos ômega-3 de origem marinha (NARVERUD, 2016). Considerando a realidade brasileira, onde esses peixes são provenientes de cativeiro, portanto tendo alimentação pobre em ômega-3, a melhor fonte de ômega-3 seria o ALA, inclusive com menor custo (RAJARAM, 2014).…”