Lack of early pattern stimulation prevents normal development of the alpha (Y) retinal ganglion cell population in the cat

Burnat, Kalina; Gucht, Estelle Van der; Waleszczyk, Wioletta J.; Kossut, Małgorzata; Arckens, Lutgarde

doi:10.1002/cne.23045

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Previously we verified this specifically for mouse and cat brain tissue by Western blotting (Fig. B) in Burnat et al, ). The nonphosphorylated 200‐kDa NFP is expressed in neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and some thick axons in both central and peripheral nervous system (Sternberger and Sternberger, ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

The cross‐modal aspect of mouse visual cortex plasticity induced by monocular enucleation is age dependent

Nys

Aerts

Ytebrouck

et al. 2014

J of Comparative Neurology

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Monocular enucleation (ME) drastically affects the contralateral visual cortex, where plasticity phenomena drive specific adaptations to compensate for the unilateral loss of vision. In adult mice, complete reactivation of deprived visual cortex involves an early visually driven recovery followed by multimodal plasticity 3 to 7 weeks post ME (Van Brussel et al. [2011] Cereb. Cortex 21:2133-2146). Here, we specifically investigated the age dependence of the onset and the exact timing of both ME-induced reactivation processes by comparing cortical activity patterns of mice enucleated at postnatal day (P) 45, 90, or 120. A swifter open-eye potentiated reactivation characterized the binocular visual cortex of P45 mice. Nevertheless, even after 7 weeks, the reactivation remained incomplete, especially in the monocular cortex medial to V1. In comparison with P45, emergent cross-modal participation was demonstrated in P90 animals, although robust reactivation similar to enucleated adults (P120) was not achieved yet. Concomitantly, at 7 weeks post ME, somatosensory and auditory cortex shifted from a hypoactive state in P45 to hyperactivity in P120. Thus, we provide evidence for a presensitive period in which gradual recruitment of cross-modal recovery upon long-term ME coincides with the transition from adolescence to adulthood in mice.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 69%

The cross‐modal aspect of mouse visual cortex plasticity induced by monocular enucleation is age dependent

Nys

Aerts

Ytebrouck

et al. 2014

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…Before kill, all animals were maintained overnight in total darkness followed by a 45 min light exposure in a well-lit room to induce maximal zif268 expression in cat visual cortex (Arckens et al, 2000;Hu et al, 2009). All cats were killed with an overdose of pentobarbital (Nembutal, 60 mg/kg, i.v.)…”

Section: Tissue Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity Beyond V1: Reinforcement of Motion Perception upon Binocular Central Retinal Lesions in Adulthood

Burnat

Kossut

et al. 2017

J. Neurosci.

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Induction of a central retinal lesion in both eyes of adult mammals is a model for macular degeneration and leads to retinotopic map reorganization in the primary visual cortex (V1). Here we characterized the spatiotemporal dynamics of molecular activity levels in the central and peripheral representation of five higher-order visual areas, V2/18, V3/19, V4/21a,V5/PMLS, area 7, and V1/17, in adult cats with central 10° retinal lesions (both sexes), by means of real-time PCR for the neuronal activity reporter gene The lesions elicited a similar, permanent reduction in activity in the center of the lesion projection zone of area V1/17, V2/18, V3/19, and V4/21a, but not in the motion-driven V5/PMLS, which instead displayed an increase in molecular activity at 3 months postlesion, independent of visual field coordinates. Also area 7 only displayed decreased activity in its LPZ in the first weeks postlesion and increased activities in its periphery from 1 month onward. Therefore we examined the impact of central vision loss on motion perception using random dot kinematograms to test the capacity for form from motion detection based on direction and velocity cues. We revealed that the central retinal lesions either do not impair motion detection or even result in better performance, specifically when motion discrimination was based on velocity discrimination. In conclusion, we propose that central retinal damage leads to enhanced peripheral vision by sensitizing the visual system for motion processing relying on feedback from V5/PMLS and area 7. Central retinal lesions, a model for macular degeneration, result in functional reorganization of the primary visual cortex. Examining the level of cortical reactivation with the molecular activity marker revealed reorganization in visual areas outside V1. Retinotopic lesion projection zones typically display an initial depression in expression, followed by partial recovery with postlesion time. Only the motion-sensitive area V5/PMLS shows no decrease, and even a significant activity increase at 3 months post-retinal lesion. Behavioral tests of motion perception found no impairment and even better sensitivity to higher random dot stimulus velocities. We demonstrate that the loss of central vision induces functional mobilization of motion-sensitive visual cortex, resulting in enhanced perception of moving stimuli.

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“…Einige kongenitale Linsentrübungen sind statisch, andere progressiv (50). Bei frühzeitiger Erblindung sollte eine Kataraktoperation in Betracht gezogen werden, da fehlende optische Sinneseindrücke in den ersten 12 Lebenswochen zu irreversiblen funktionellen Defiziten im Sehvermögen führen können (10,49). Andere Kliniker befürworten, die Operation hinauszuschieben, insbesondere bei jungen Hunden, da auch eine spontane Resorption von Katarakten in der Literatur beschrieben ist (22).…”

Section: Kongenitale Katarakteunclassified

Katarakt bei Hunden – Überblick und Orientierungshilfe für die Therapieentscheidung

Fischer

Meyer‐Lindenberg²

2014

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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ZusammenfassungDie Katarakt ist die häufigste Ursache für Visuseinschränkungen und Blindheit beim Hund. Eine Linsentrübung lässt sich mittlerweile mit sehr gutem direktem Erfolg (90-95%) operieren, wobei die Auswahl geeigneter Patienten den Operationserfolg maßgeblich beeinflusst. Nach Darstellung anatomischer und physiologischer Besonderheiten der Linse wird detailliert auf die Ätiologie der Katarakt und ihre Begleiterkrankungen eingegangen. Es folgt eine Erläuterung der präope-rativen Untersuchungsschritte mit Hinweis auf entscheidende Kriterien für die Auswahl der für eine Operation in Betracht kommenden Patienten. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, anhand von Orientierungshilfen bei der Diagnostik die Therapieentscheidung sowie die Bestimmung eines geeigneten Operationszeitpunkts zu erleichtern. Key wordsOphthalmology, lens, etiology of cataracts, lens-induced uveitis, glaucoma, phacoemulsification SummaryCataract is the leading cause of impaired vision and vision loss in dogs. Because of the considerable progress in cataract surgery in recent decades, lens opacities can now be operated on with very good short-term success (90-95%), taking into account that proper patient selection is essential to maximize the probability of a successful surgical outcome. Following a description of anatomical and physiological lens characteristics, the etiology and complications of untreated cataracts are discussed. Furthermore, specific criteria for patient selection are addressed while delineating essential steps of the examination. This article aims to aid decision making in cataract therapy on the basis of diagnostic guidance and to facilitate the selection of an appropriate point of time for surgery.

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Lack of early pattern stimulation prevents normal development of the alpha (Y) retinal ganglion cell population in the cat

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

The cross‐modal aspect of mouse visual cortex plasticity induced by monocular enucleation is age dependent

The cross‐modal aspect of mouse visual cortex plasticity induced by monocular enucleation is age dependent

Plasticity Beyond V1: Reinforcement of Motion Perception upon Binocular Central Retinal Lesions in Adulthood

Katarakt bei Hunden – Überblick und Orientierungshilfe für die Therapieentscheidung

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