Lack of detectable genetic recombination on the X chromosome during the parthenogenetic production of female and male aphids

Hales, Dinah F.; Wilson, Alex C. C.; Sloane, Mathew A.; Simon, Jean; Legallic, Jean François; Sunnucks, Paul

doi:10.1017/s0016672302005657

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Recent molecular studies have clearly shown that aphid parthenogenesis is overwhelmingly apomictic. No recombination occurs during the development of parthenogenetic egg or it is so rare as to be of no consequence (Sunnucks et al, 1996;Wilson et al, 1999Wilson et al, , 2003Hales et al, 2002). Whether epistatic mechanisms, as this involved in the expression of the esterase gene E4 (Field & Blackman, 2003), are responsible for the intraclonal variation in sex determination needs to be investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the life cycle in lineages of Myzus persicae nicotianae and Myzus persicae s. str. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Poupoulidou¹,

Margaritopoulos²,

Kephalogianni³

et al. 2006

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Male production was examined in 70 Myzus persicae s.str and M. persicae nicotianae clonal lineages at 17°C and 10L : 14D. Sixty nine were characterised by a partial loss of sexuality (androcyclic producing few males, and intermediates producing some males and mating females), and one was found to be permanently parthenogenetic. High within and between lineage variation was detected. Most (81%) of the clonal lineages produced few males (0-5 males per parent) and only 6% had male production (10-16 males per parent) comparable to that (12-23 males per parent) of seven lineages with a sexual phase (holocyclic) which were examined under the same conditions. The length of prenatal exposure to 10L : 14D increased the production of males. Continuous rearing under 10L : 14D at 12°C adversely affected male production in another intermediate clonal lineage. Temperature was found to affect the production of sexuals and to modify the short day photoperiodic response. The production of males and mating females was higher at 12°C than at 17°C in most of the 20 aforementioned clonal lineages with a partial loss of sexuality. Six lineages were permanently parthenogenetic at 17°C, but two of them produced a few males and the other four a few males and mating females at 12°C. Seven lineages which produced a few males at 17°C, also produced some mating females at 12°C. Lastly, photoperiod similarly affected the production of sexuals in two of the aforementioned clonal lineages, one with a sexual phase and one intermediate, although the regimes for the peak of sexuals were different. In both lineages, however, males appeared in a 0.5-1 h shorter scotophase than mating females.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the life cycle in lineages of Myzus persicae nicotianae and Myzus persicae s. str. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Poupoulidou¹,

Margaritopoulos²,

Kephalogianni³

et al. 2006

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…In this study, individuals with the same multilocus genotype across all four loci were assumed to have been produced asexually from a common ancestor and are henceforth described as being members of the same clone. This relies on aphid asexual reproduction producing offspring that are genotypically identicalthis has now been demonstrated by a number of approaches including studies of microsatellites in experimental lineages (Hales et al, 2002). The use of only four loci is supported by Wilson et al (1999) and Haack et al (2000), who showed that addition of seven to 10 further primer sets did not discriminate additional genotypes among individuals previously tested with four to five microsatellites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for gene flow and local clonal selection in field populations of the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) in Britain revealed using microsatellites

et al. 2004

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Samples of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.), a major European pest of cereals, were collected in June and July 1997 from fields sown with winter wheat in a rough transect south-west of Rothamsted, UK. These aphids were genotyped at four microsatellite loci known from previous studies to be highly polymorphic. Allelic frequencies were similar between samples collected in the fields and in the 12.2 m high suction trap at Rothamsted, and there were many widespread genotypes (clones), providing evidence that the species is highly migratory. However, field samples were found to display a high level of genotypic heterogeneity ( ¼ variable clonal composition), most probably the result of clonal selection. The suction trap genotypes sample were slightly different from the field samples, indicative of the inclusion of genotypes from plant hosts (cereals and grasses, Poaceae) other than winter wheat and/or genotype-biased emigration from the field. The relevance of these data to modelling of aphid outbreaks is briefly discussed.

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“…However, the use of polymorphic microsatellite markers did not reveal recombinant genotypes in parthenogenetically produced males or females (Hales et al, 2002), thus suggesting that either recombination or nonequal exchange between homologues is a peculiarity of rDNA sites rather than a general process affecting the whole X chromosome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Distribution of heterochromatin and rDNA on the holocentric chromosomes of the aphids Dysaphis plantaginea and Melanaphis pyraria (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Criniti¹,

Simonazzi²,

Cassanelli³

et al. 2009

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The structure of the holocentric chromosomes of the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (2n = 12), and pear-grass aphid, Melanaphis pyraria (2n = 8), was studied using C-banding, NOR, Giemsa and fluorochrome staining, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Contrary to the equilocal distribution of heterochromatin typical of monocentric chromosomes, in both species C-banding evidenced a tendency of highly repetitive DNAs to be restricted to the X chromosomes. Silver staining and FISH, using a 28S rDNA probe, located rDNA genes on one telomere of each X chromosome, the only brightly fluorescent C-positive sites revealed by CMA3 staining, whereas all other heterochromatic C-bands were DAPI positive. Both species showed a noticeable amount of rDNA heteromorphism. Mitotic recombination is proposed as a possible mechanism responsible for the variation in size of rDNA.

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Lack of detectable genetic recombination on the X chromosome during the parthenogenetic production of female and male aphids

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the life cycle in lineages of Myzus persicae nicotianae and Myzus persicae s. str. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the life cycle in lineages of Myzus persicae nicotianae and Myzus persicae s. str. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Evidence for gene flow and local clonal selection in field populations of the grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) in Britain revealed using microsatellites

Distribution of heterochromatin and rDNA on the holocentric chromosomes of the aphids Dysaphis plantaginea and Melanaphis pyraria (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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