Lack of Correlation Between Metallic Elements Analyzed in Hair by ICP-MS and Autism

Palma, Giuseppe De; Catalani, Simona; Franco, A.; Brighenti, Maurizio; Apostoli, Pietro

doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1245-6

Cited by 73 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In contrast, seven case–control studies examining hair lead concentrations in a total of 209 children with ASD reported similar concentrations compared with 231 TD children; 58,78,79,81,83,108,109 as previously mentioned, one of these studies reported similar urinary levels. 58 In addition, one study reported a lower mean concentration of hair lead in 45 children with ASD compared with 45 TD controls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…83,84 A recent meta-analysis of seven studies reported a similar mean hair mercury level in a total of 343 ASD children and 317 TD children. 81 These studies provide additional evidence that hair mercury levels are not associated with ASD, at least in the United States, especially since all but three of the studies 55,58,63 occurred in the United States.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Nine studies reported similar mean concentrations of hair mercury in a total of 369 children with ASD compared with 315 TD children; 55,58,63,77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82 in one of these studies, urinary and blood mercury levels were also similar. 58 As previously mentioned, two of these latter studies reported higher mercury in the blood 55,56 or urine 63 in the ASD group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…58 In addition, one study reported a lower mean concentration of hair lead in 45 children with ASD compared with 45 TD controls. 82 Notably, a recent meta-analysis of five studies 81 reported a significantly higher mean hair lead concentration in 167 children with ASD compared with 217 controls ( P =0.021); however, these findings were driven predominantly by the results from one study. These studies were limited by smaller sample sizes, but provide further evidence that hair lead is not associated with ASD, at least in the United States, as all but one of these studies 58 occurred in the United States.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental toxicants and autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review

Rossignol¹,

2014

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Although the involvement of genetic abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is well-accepted, recent studies point to an equal contribution by environmental factors, particularly environmental toxicants. However, these toxicant-related studies in ASD have not been systematically reviewed to date. Therefore, we compiled publications investigating potential associations between environmental toxicants and ASD and arranged these publications into the following three categories: (a) studies examining estimated toxicant exposures in the environment during the preconceptional, gestational and early childhood periods; (b) studies investigating biomarkers of toxicants; and (c) studies examining potential genetic susceptibilities to toxicants. A literature search of nine electronic scientific databases through November 2013 was performed. In the first category examining ASD risk and estimated toxicant exposures in the environment, the majority of studies (34/37; 92%) reported an association. Most of these studies were retrospective case–control, ecological or prospective cohort studies, although a few had weaker study designs (for example, case reports or series). Toxicants implicated in ASD included pesticides, phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), solvents, toxic waste sites, air pollutants and heavy metals, with the strongest evidence found for air pollutants and pesticides. Gestational exposure to methylmercury (through fish exposure, one study) and childhood exposure to pollutants in water supplies (two studies) were not found to be associated with ASD risk. In the second category of studies investigating biomarkers of toxicants and ASD, a large number was dedicated to examining heavy metals. Such studies demonstrated mixed findings, with only 19 of 40 (47%) case–control studies reporting higher concentrations of heavy metals in blood, urine, hair, brain or teeth of children with ASD compared with controls. Other biomarker studies reported that solvent, phthalate and pesticide levels were associated with ASD, whereas PCB studies were mixed. Seven studies reported a relationship between autism severity and heavy metal biomarkers, suggesting evidence of a dose–effect relationship. Overall, the evidence linking biomarkers of toxicants with ASD (the second category) was weaker compared with the evidence associating estimated exposures to toxicants in the environment and ASD risk (the first category) because many of the biomarker studies contained small sample sizes and the relationships between biomarkers and ASD were inconsistent across studies. Regarding the third category of studies investigating potential genetic susceptibilities to toxicants, 10 unique studies examined polymorphisms in genes associated with increased susceptibilities to toxicants, with 8 studies reporting that such polymorphisms were more common in ASD individuals (or their mothers, 1 study) compared with controls (one study examined multiple polymorphisms). Genes implicated in these studies included paraoxonase (PON1, three of five...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental toxicants and autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review

Rossignol¹,

2014

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“…Selenium has an antagonistic action on mercury and other toxic metals. No association of autism with hair concentrations of selenium was found in a recent meta-analysis [43].…”

Section: Potential Targets For Treatment To Modulate Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 88%

Oxidative Stress and Dietary Interventions in Autism: Exploring the Role of Zinc, Antioxidant Enzymes and Other Micronutrients in the Neurobiology of Autism

Castrén¹,

Westermarck²,

Atroshi³

2014

Pharmacology and Nutritional Intervention in the Treatment of Disease

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Maternal prenatal selenium levels and child risk of neurodevelopmental disorders: A prospective birth cohort study

Lee

Raghavan

et al. 2021

Autism Research

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Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element involved in various biological processes, including neurodevelopment. Available literature indicates that both Se deficiency and excess may be detrimental to health. It is also known that Se can cross the placenta from maternal to fetal circulation. To date, the role of maternal Se status in child long-term neurodevelopment is largely unexplored. This study investigated the temporal and dose-response associations between maternal Se status and child risk of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It consisted of 1550 mother-infant dyads from the Boston Birth Cohort. Maternal red blood cell (RBC) Se levels were measured in samples collected within 72 h of delivery (biomarker of third trimester Se status). Pediatric neurodevelopmental diagnoses were obtained from electronic medical records. Data analyses showed that maternal RBC Se levels were positively associated with child risk of developing ASD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.49 for ASD (95% CI: 1.09, 2.02) per IQR increase in Se. There was also a positive association between maternal Se and ADHD (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.56, per IQR increase in Se). These associations remained robust even after adjusting for pertinent covariables; and there was no significant interaction between Se and these covariables. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to high maternal Se levels may adversely affect child neurodevelopment. Our findings warrant further investigation; if confirmed, optimizing maternal prenatal Se levels may be necessary to maximize its health benefits while preventing undue risk. Lay SummarySelenium (Se) is an essential nutrient for the health of the pregnant mother and her baby. While Se can readily cross the placenta from maternal to fetal circulation, little is known about maternal Se status on her child's neurodevelopmental Ashley Sang Eun Lee, Yuelong Ji, and Ramkripa Raghavan have made equal contributions to this work. This information or content and conclusions are those of the authors and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by, the HRSA, HHS, the NJDOH, the CDC, or the U.S. Government. The funding agencies were not involved in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication.

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Lack of Correlation Between Metallic Elements Analyzed in Hair by ICP-MS and Autism

Cited by 73 publications

References 66 publications

Environmental toxicants and autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review

Environmental toxicants and autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review

Oxidative Stress and Dietary Interventions in Autism: Exploring the Role of Zinc, Antioxidant Enzymes and Other Micronutrients in the Neurobiology of Autism

Maternal prenatal selenium levels and child risk of neurodevelopmental disorders: A prospective birth cohort study

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