Lack of correlation between enterococcal counts and the presence of human specific fecal markers in Mississippi creek and coastal waters

Flood, Christopher; Ufnar, Jennifer A.; Wang, Shiao Y.; Johnson, Jacqueline; Carr, M.R.; Ellender, R. D.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.026

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Coastal and tidally influenced creek waters in Mississippi were collected over a 2-year period and assessed for the presence of HF183 and the M. smithii nifH gene by end-point PCR, as well as enterococci concentrations by membrane filtration (Flood et al, 2011). Neither HAM correlated with enterococci concentrations.…”

Section: Multiple Targets For Markers Of Human Fecal Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial source tracking markers for detection of fecal contamination in environmental waters: relationships between pathogens and human health outcomes

Harwood

Staley

Badgley³

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Rev

551

490

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Microbial source tracking (MST) describes a suite of methods and an investigative strategy for determination of fecal pollution sources in environmental waters that rely on the association of certain fecal microorganisms with a particular host. MST is used to assess recreational water quality and associated human health risk, and total maximum daily load allocations. Many methods rely on signature molecules (markers) such as DNA sequences of host-associated microorganisms. Human sewage pollution is among the greatest concerns for human health due to (1) the known risk of exposure to human waste and (2) the public and regulatory will to reduce sewage pollution; however, methods to identify animal sources are receiving increasing attention as our understanding of zoonotic disease potential improves. Here, we review the performance of MST methods in initial reports and field studies, with particular emphasis on quantitative PCR (qPCR). Relationships among human-associated MST markers, fecal indicator bacteria, pathogens, and human health outcomes are presented along with recommendations for future research. An integrated understanding of the advantages and drawbacks of the many MST methods targeting human sources advanced over the past several decades will benefit managers, regulators, researchers, and other users of this rapidly growing area of environmental microbiology.

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Section: Multiple Targets For Markers Of Human Fecal Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial source tracking markers for detection of fecal contamination in environmental waters: relationships between pathogens and human health outcomes

Harwood

Staley

Badgley³

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Rev

551

490

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Landscape factors within the watershed can influence fecal indicator bacteria concentrations in source waters and at beaches, e.g. forested headwaters can be a source of fecal indicator bacteria to bathing waters downstream in subtropical and temperate environments (Byappanahalli et al 2003a; Dunkell et al 2011; Flood et al 2011; Frenzel and Couvillion 2002; Fujioka et al 1988; Mallin et al 2000; Whitman et al 2006). Several studies have shown that the degree of urbanization within a watershed is the strongest predictor of fecal indicator abundance, although not necessarily indicative of human fecal pollution (Flood et al 2011), because impervious surfaces can concentrate runoff laden with fecal indicators from numerous sources.…”

Section: Sand Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbes in beach sands: integrating environment, ecology and public health

Whitman

Harwood

Edge

et al. 2014

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

144

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SUMMARY Beach sand is a habitat that supports many microbes, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa (micropsammon). The apparently inhospitable conditions of beach sand environments belie the thriving communities found there. Physical factors, such as water availability and protection from insolation; biological factors, such as competition, predation, and biofilm formation; and nutrient availability all contribute to the characteristics of the micropsammon. Sand microbial communities include autochthonous species/phylotypes indigenous to the environment. Allochthonous microbes, including fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and waterborne pathogens, are deposited via waves, runoff, air, or animals. The fate of these microbes ranges from death, to transient persistence and/or replication, to establishment of thriving populations (naturalization) and integration in the autochthonous community. Transport of the micropsammon within the habitat occurs both horizontally across the beach, and vertically from the sand surface and ground water table, as well as at various scales including interstitial flow within sand pores, sediment transport for particle-associated microbes, and the large-scale processes of wave action and terrestrial runoff. The concept of beach sand as a microbial habitat and reservoir of FIB and pathogens has begun to influence our thinking about human health effects associated with sand exposure and recreational water use. A variety of pathogens have been reported from beach sands, and recent epidemiology studies have found some evidence of health risks associated with sand exposure. Persistent or replicating populations of FIB and enteric pathogens have consequences for watershed/beach management strategies and regulatory standards for safe beaches. This review summarizes our understanding of the community structure, ecology, fate, transport, and public health implications of microbes in beach sand. It concludes with recommendations for future work in this vastly under-studied area.

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“…This 3rd limitation of CE, that the technique is still under development and validation, may be the reason that most CE‐based diagnostic methods are not yet widely applied. The 4th and 5th limitations of CE are that the equipment and reagents required for CE are relatively more expensive than those required for other techniques (Flood and others ; Pang and others ; Shang and others ), such as CE cost more in equipment than agarose gel electrophoresis for DNA analysis (Flood and others ), HRM can be performed with simpler equipment than that required for CE, thus reducing analytical expenditure (Pang and others ) and developing sequencing gel electrophoresis to reduce high expenses of CE from high‐price detection instrument (Shang and others ). CE requires professional hardware and software, as well as substantial user training (Garino and others ).…”

Section: Limitations Advantages and Future Development Of Ce‐based mentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Electrophoresis Based on Nucleic Acid Detection as Used in Food Analysis

Lian

Zeng

2017

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Food safety and food production are closely related to the health of consumers. Food-related accidents often cause tremendous losses of personnel and property. Thus, rapid detection and analysis of ingredients in food, tracing food sources, studying the optimal conditions for food production, and more are vital for preventing incidents related to safety. Conventional analysis based on proteomics, microbial cultures, and morphology, as well as biochemical tests based on metabonomics, are considered gold standards and used frequently, but they are labor-intensive, time-consuming, tedious, error-prone, and incapable of meeting the demand for rapid and precise detection at a large scale. Alternative detection methods that utilize capillary electrophoresis have the advantages of high efficiency, high throughput, high speed, and automation; these methods are coupled with various nucleic acid detection strategies to overcome the drawbacks of traditional identification methods, and to prevent false results. Therefore, this review focuses on the application of capillary electrophoresis based on nucleic acid detection in food analysis and provides an introduction to the limitations, advantages, and future developments of this approach.

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Lack of correlation between enterococcal counts and the presence of human specific fecal markers in Mississippi creek and coastal waters

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Microbial source tracking markers for detection of fecal contamination in environmental waters: relationships between pathogens and human health outcomes

Microbial source tracking markers for detection of fecal contamination in environmental waters: relationships between pathogens and human health outcomes

Microbes in beach sands: integrating environment, ecology and public health

Capillary Electrophoresis Based on Nucleic Acid Detection as Used in Food Analysis

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