Lack of Candida africana and Candida dubliniensis in Vaginal Candida albicans Isolates in Turkey Using HWP1 Gene Polymorphisms

Gümral, Ramazan; Sancak, Banu; Güzel, Ahmet Barış; Saraçlı, Mehmet Ali; İlkit, Macit

doi:10.1007/s11046-011-9401-2

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In this study, the prevalence of C. albicans and non- albicans species of Candida was 42.5% and 57.5%, respectively. According to previous Iranian and other studies from different countries, C. albicans was the most involved species of Candida in VVC patients ( 6 , 8 , 9 , 14 , 27 , 30 , 31 ). Grigoriou et al ( 32 ) attributed this to the greater ability of C. albicans in adhesion to vaginal mucosa, which is the primary step in establishment of a fungal infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Isolation of Different Species of Candida in Patients With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis From Sari, Iran

Hedayati

Rizi

Galinimoghadam

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a frequent, complex and cumbersome condition that can cause physical and psychological distress for the involved individual. Candida albicans was reported as the most common agent of VVC yet it seems that we are recently encountering changes in the pattern of Candida species in VVC.Objectives:In this study we assessed different species of Candida isolated from patients with VVC, residing in Sari, Iran.Patients and Methods:Two hundred and thirty-four patients with vulvovaginitis were enrolled in this study. Samples were collected by a wet swab. Each vaginal swab was examined microscopically and processed for fungal culture. The identification of Candida species was done by morphological and physiological methods such as culture on CHROMagar Candida media and sugar assimilation test with the HiCandida identification kit (HiMedia, Mumbai, India).Results:Out of 234 patients with vulvovaginitis, 66 (28.2%) patients showed VVC. Of these patients, 16 (24.2%) had recurrent VVC (RVVC). The age group of 20 - 29 year-olds had the highest frequency of VVC (48.5%). Erythema concomitant with itching (40.9%) was the most prevalent sign in VVC patients. Fifty-seven (86.4%) of the collected samples had positive results from both microscopic examination and culture. In total, 73 colonies of Candida spp. were isolated from 66 patients with VVC. The most common identified species of Candida were C. albicans (42.5%), C. glabrata (21.9%) and C. dubliniensis (16.4%). In patients with RVVC and patients without recurrence, C. albicans and non-albicans species of Candida were frequent species, respectively.Conclusions:The results of our study showed that non-albicans species of Candida are more frequent than C. albicans in patients with VVC. This result is in line with some recent studies indicating that non-albicans species of Candida must be considered in gynecology clinics due to the reported azole resistance in these species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Isolation of Different Species of Candida in Patients With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis From Sari, Iran

Hedayati

Rizi

Galinimoghadam

et al. 2015

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…The prevalence of C. albicans and non-albicans species of Candida was 67.7% and 29%, respectively. According to previous studies from Iran and different countries, the most involved species of Candida in VVC patients was C. albicans (36)(37)(38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Isolation of Different Species of Candida in Patients with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis from Damavand, Iran

Ghajari

Lotfali

Ahmadi

et al. 2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background: One of the most common infections in women, especially during the reproductive age, is vulvovaginal candidiasis, which can cause physical and psychological distress for patients. According to different reports, Candida albicans is the main etiological agent of this infection. However, non-Candida albicans species have arisen recently. Therefore, it seems that in VVC, the pattern of Candida species, have changed. Objectives: In the current study, the researchers determined the frequency of different species of Candida in the Iranian female population. Methods: Five hundred and fifty-nine patients suspected of VVC, participated in this study. Wet swabs were used for collecting the samples. Vaginal swabs were examined microscopically and treated for fungal culture. Candida species identification was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Sequencing with universal fungal primers (ITS1 and ITS4). Results: Out of 559 patients, 46 (8.2%) samples were positive for VVC. The age group of 30 to 39 years old with 20 (44.7%) patients had the highest frequency. Itching concomitant with abnormal discharge and vaginal irritation (59.6%) were the most prevalent symptoms in the patients. The most frequent identified species of Candida were Candida albicans (67.7%), Candida glabrata (25.8%), and Candida kefyr (3.2%), respectively. In addition, only one (2.1%) case showed recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC). Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrated that in patients with VVC, Candida albicans species are more frequent than other candida species. In order to achieve appropriate treatment, clinical and laboratory findings must be considered together.

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“…In Europe, C. africana has been reported to cause 6–16% of vaginal infections/colonisation previously attributed to C. albicans , and a solitary strain of C. africana has been reported from Spain . In contrast, C. africana was not identified among 195 and 98 vaginal C. albicans isolates from Turkey and Malaysia, respectively . Also, a significant geographical variation in prevalence of C. africana has been reported from the African continent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,6,9 In contrast, C. africana was not identified among 195 and 98 vaginal C. albicans isolates from Turkey and Malaysia, respectively. 25,26 Also, a significant geographical variation in prevalence of C. africana has been reported from the African continent. Low rates of 2 and 2.4% from Senegal and Nigeria, respectively, have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus sequence typing of Candida africana from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis in New Delhi, India

Sharma

Muralidhar

et al. 2014

Mycoses

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We investigated the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis due to C. africana in an STD clinic in India and analysed the genetic relatedness of these C. africana isolates with those outside India. A total of 283 germ-tube-positive yeasts were identified by VITEK2. Molecular characterisation of all isolates was carried out by hwp1-gene-specific PCR. Of 283 germ-tube-positive yeast isolates, four were identified as C. africana using hwp1-gene-specific PCR. All hwp1 PCR positive C. africana were subjected to antifungal susceptibility testing, ITS and D1/D2 region sequencing and were typed by using MLST approach. Similar to C. africana isolates from the United Kingdom and unlike those from Africa, the Indian C. africana grew at 42°C. Sequencing of eight gene fragments in MLST identified all four strains to have different genotypes not reported previously. Furthermore, though the Indian C. africana isolates were susceptible to most of the 14 tested antifungal drugs, differences in susceptibility were observed among the four strains. Our results indicate genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity among C. africana from different geographical regions. Due to lack of data on epidemiology and genetic variability of this under-reported yeast, more studies using molecular methods are warranted.

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Lack of Candida africana and Candida dubliniensis in Vaginal Candida albicans Isolates in Turkey Using HWP1 Gene Polymorphisms

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Isolation of Different Species of Candida in Patients With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis From Sari, Iran

Isolation of Different Species of Candida in Patients With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis From Sari, Iran

Isolation of Different Species of Candida in Patients with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis from Damavand, Iran

Multilocus sequence typing of Candida africana from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis in New Delhi, India

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