Lack of association of TNFα gene polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss in Caucasian women

Tumor necrosis factor α and lymphotoxin α haplotypes in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss

“…This lack of association of the TNFa À308G/A SNP with increased RM risk was also reported for Caucasian (17,23,28,29) and Iranian (30) women, and in apparent partial disagreement with the study of Costeas et al (21). A recent meta-analysis (19) confirmed the lack of association of the TNFa À308G/A SNP with RM and suggested instead that interferon-g (874T/T) and IL-10 (À1082G/G) gene variants represented stronger inherited RM risk factors.…”

“…Because TNFa and LTa production is under tight genetic control, TNFa and LTa gene variants were previously implicated in the pathogenesis of RM (19,20), but with inconsistent results. This was exemplified by the association of TNFa and LTa polymorphic variants with RM (19)(20)(21) and susceptibility to preterm birth (22) by some studies, whereas other studies failed to establish a link between these variants with RM and related complications (22,23). We investigated the contribution of TNFa À238G/A and À308G/ A and LTa þ252A/G polymorphisms to the pathogenesis of RM in 372 Tunisian women with confirmed RM and 274 multiparous healthy women who served as control subjects.…”

Association of tumor necrosis factor-α gene promoter polymorphisms (-308G/A, -238G/A) with recurrent spontaneous abortion: a meta-analysis

“…The TNF-␣ -308G/A, -238G/A genotype frequencies in controls were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all except 1 study [23]. Among these 12 studies, Daher et al [17] and Prigoshin et al [19] reported that only primary aborters were included in the cases; the other studies reported that both primary and secondary aborters were included in the cases [16,18,22,23] or did not clarify whether primary or secondary aborters were included [14,15,20,21,24,25], so both primary and secondary aborters were included in the cases of this meta-analysis. General characteristics and the TNF-␣ -308G/A and -238G/A polymorphism genotype distributions in the published studies included in this meta-analysis are presented in Tables 1 and 2.…”

Associations between tumor necrosis factor-α and lymphotoxin-α polymorphisms and idiopathic recurrent miscarriage

“…In view of their effect on altered regulation of TNF synthesis, secretion, and activity (Wilson et al 1997, Louis et al 1998, TNF-a and LT-a gene variants were implicated in the pathogenesis of RM (Reid et al 2001, Daher et al 2003. Conflicting associations of these gene variants with RM were presented, highlighted by the association of these polymorphisms with RM (Reid et al 2001, Daher et al 2003, Costeas et al 2004, and susceptibility to preterm birth (Engel et al 2005), while others found no association with RM and related complications (Bates et al 2002, Pietrowski et al 2004. In view of the critical role of TNF-a and LT-a in the maintenance of pregnancy, we investigated the contribution of the TNF-a K238G/A and K308G/A, and the LT-aC252 A/G to the pathogenesis of RM in 350 women with confirmed RM and 200 multiparous women who served as controls.…”