Lack of antitumour activity of human recombinant tumour necrosis factor-??, alone or in combination with melphalan in a nude mouse human melanoma xenograft system

LAGλ-1: A clinically relevant drug resistant human multiple myeloma tumor murine model that enables rapid evaluation of treatments for multiple myeloma

“…LAGÏ-1 tumors proved to be resistant to this alkylating agent with only minimal anti-tumor effects observed among animals that received the highest dose of the drug. This dose (12.0 mg/ kg) was much higher than doses of melphalan that produced anti-myeloma effects in SCID mice bearing the RPMI-8226 cell line as well as mice growing other MM cell lines (27)(28)(29). Hence, the LAGÏ-1 tumors retained the melphalan resistance of the MM patient's cancer cells showing that although this human myeloma has been maintained through serial passages in SCID mice, the characteristics of the patient's original tumor's drug resistance were unaltered.…”

Targeted therapy of renal cell carcinoma: Synergistic activity of cG250‐TNF and IFNg

“…41,42 As activated T cells seem to play the major role for triggering synergistic endogenous IFNg release, nontargeted TNF alone, or even in combination with chemotherapy failed to induce antitumor effects in athymic nude mice bearing human xenografts. 43 Similarly, no antitumor effect was observed for the combination of targeted trimeric TNF at lower doses and an alkylating agent. Only the additional application of exogenous IFNg improved the response rate to targeted TNF in these trials.…”

Crucial Role for Interferon γ in the Synergism between Tumor Vasculature-Targeted Tumor Necrosis Factor α (NGR-TNF) and Doxorubicin

“…Considering that activated T and natural killer cells are the primary sources of IFN-␥ in immunocompetent mice and that athymic nude mice lack functionally mature T cells but not natural killer cells (22,23,40), the results obtained in nude mice suggest that T lymphocytes play a relevant role. Interestingly, previous studies showed that also nontargeted TNF, alone or in combination with melphalan, does not induce antitumor effects in nude mice bearing human melanoma xenografts (41). This suggests that the requirement of a functional immune system, probably necessary for the production of IFN-␥, is not a peculiarity of targeted TNF and doxorubicin.…”