LACHESIS Restricts Gametic Cell Fate in the Female Gametophyte of Arabidopsis

Groß‐Hardt, Rita; Kägi, Christina; Baumann, Nadine; Moore, James M.; Baskar, Ramamurthy; Gagliano, Wendy B.; Jürgens, Gerd; Grossniklaus, Ueli

doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050047

Cited by 155 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Mutation in LIS that shows homology to the S. cerevisiae SF PRP4, an integral part of the U4/U6 complex, resulted in supernumerary egg cells implicating splicing in cell fate decisions (Gross-Hardt et al, 2007). CLO/GAMETOPHYTIC FACTOR1 (GFA1) encodes a homolog of Snu114p/U5-116kDa protein and physically interacts with At-Brr2 and At-Prp8, the putative U5 snRNP components of Arabidopsis (Moll et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Function Of Sfs In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Splicing at the Intersection of Biological Timing, Development, and Stress Responses

2013

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High-throughput sequencing for transcript profiling in plants has revealed that alternative splicing (AS) affects a much higher proportion of the transcriptome than was previously assumed. AS is involved in most plant processes and is particularly prevalent in plants exposed to environmental stress. The identification of mutations in predicted splicing factors and spliceosomal proteins that affect cell fate, the circadian clock, plant defense, and tolerance/sensitivity to abiotic stress all point to a fundamental role of splicing/AS in plant growth, development, and responses to external cues. Splicing factors affect the AS of multiple downstream target genes, thereby transferring signals to alter gene expression via splicing factor/AS networks. The last two to three years have seen an ever-increasing number of examples of functional AS. At a time when the identification of AS in individual genes and at a global level is exploding, this review aims to bring together such examples to illustrate the extent and importance of AS, which are not always obvious from individual publications. It also aims to ensure that plant scientists are aware that AS is likely to occur in the genes that they study and that dynamic changes in AS and its consequences need to be considered routinely.

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Section: Function Of Sfs In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Splicing at the Intersection of Biological Timing, Development, and Stress Responses

2013

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“…The cellularization and differentiation of cells in the embryo sac appear to be transcriptionally regulated (Rabiger and Drews, 2013), and mechanisms involving RNA splicing and auxin and peptide signaling specify female gametic cells (Gross-Hardt et al, 2007;Pagnussat et al, 2009;Lieber et al, 2011;Lituiev et al, 2013). For male germline development, a regulatory framework for cell cycle progression and gamete specification has been established Borg and Twell, 2010;Twell, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An EAR-Dependent Regulatory Module Promotes Male Germ Cell Division and Sperm Fertility in Arabidopsis

et al. 2014

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The production of the sperm cells in angiosperms requires coordination of cell division and cell differentiation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the germline-specific MYB protein DUO1 integrates these processes, but the regulatory hierarchy in which DUO1 functions is unknown. Here, we identify an essential role for two germline-specific DUO1 target genes, DAZ1 and DAZ2, which encode EAR motif-containing C 2 H 2 -type zinc finger proteins. We show that DAZ1/DAZ2 are required for germ cell division and for the proper accumulation of mitotic cyclins. Importantly, DAZ1/DAZ2 are sufficient to promote G2-to M-phase transition and germ cell division in the absence of DUO1. DAZ1/DAZ2 are also required for DUO1-dependent cell differentiation and are essential for gamete fusion at fertilization. We demonstrate that the two EAR motifs in DAZ1/DAZ2 mediate their function in the male germline and are required for transcriptional repression and for physical interaction with the corepressor TOPLESS. Our findings uncover an essential module in a regulatory hierarchy that drives mitotic transition in male germ cells and implicates gene repression pathways in sperm cell formation and fertility.

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“…In maize, small peptides have been identified that, owing to their size, have the potential to move between cells (Dresselhaus, 2006). A further hint for communication between single female gametophytic cells comes from the analysis of the lachesis (lis) mutant (Groß-Hardt et al, 2007). lis mutants form supernumerary egg cells, resulting from misspecification of the synergids and central cell, which express morphological and molecular attributes of the egg cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, antipodal cells adopt a central cell fate in lis mutants, demonstrating that all cells in the female gametophyte can differentiate into gametic cells. lis is defective in the Arabidopsis homologue of the yeast pre-mRNA splicing factor PRP4 (Groß-Hardt et al, 2007), and promoterreporter analysis has suggested that cell specification in wild-type female gametophytes correlates with a strong upregulation of LIS expression in gametic cells. By contrast, LIS expression appears to be downregulated in accessory cells of mature female gametophytes, which has led to the hypothesis that the gametic potential of accessory cells is repressed by lateral inhibition from the gametic cells (Groß-Hardt et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LACHESIS-dependent egg-cell signaling regulates the development of female gametophytic cells

et al. 2012

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SUMMARYIn contrast to animals, plant germ cells are formed along with accessory cells in specialized haploid generations, termed gametophytes. The female gametophyte of flowering plants consists of four different cell types, which exert distinct functions in the reproductive process. For successful fertilization, the development of the four cell types has to be tightly coordinated; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet understood. We have previously isolated the lachesis (lis) mutant, which forms supernumerary gametes at the expense of adjacent accessory cells. LIS codes for the Arabidopsis homolog of the pre-mRNA splicing factor PRP4 and shows a dynamic expression pattern in the maturing female gametophyte. Here, we used LIS as a molecular tool to study cell-cell communication in the female gametophyte. We show that reducing LIS transcript amounts specifically in the egg cell, affects the development of all female gametophytic cells, indicating that cell differentiation in the female gametophyte is orchestrated by the egg cell. Among the defects observed is the failure of homotypic nuclei fusion in the central cell and, as a consequence, a block in endosperm formation. LIS-mediated egg cell signaling, thus, provides a safeguard mechanism that prevents the formation of nurturing tissue in the absence of a functional egg cell.

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LACHESIS Restricts Gametic Cell Fate in the Female Gametophyte of Arabidopsis

Cited by 155 publications

References 26 publications

Alternative Splicing at the Intersection of Biological Timing, Development, and Stress Responses

Alternative Splicing at the Intersection of Biological Timing, Development, and Stress Responses

An EAR-Dependent Regulatory Module Promotes Male Germ Cell Division and Sperm Fertility in Arabidopsis

LACHESIS-dependent egg-cell signaling regulates the development of female gametophytic cells

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