Laccase‐containing ureasil–polymer composite as the sensing layer of an amperometric biosensor

Abstract

Innovative amperometric biosensors for monitoring the level of wastewater pollution have been constructed on the surface of the gold planar electrodes C220AT “DropSens” by using the organic–inorganic ureasil‐based composites as host matrixes and immobilized commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor. It was found that the biosensor based on the ureasil–chalcogenide glass composite is characterized by a very high sensitivity (67,540 А M−1 m−2) that is 38.3 times higher than for pure ureasil (the sensitivity of the bioelectrode was calculated as 1762 А M−1 m−2). On the other hand, application of the ureasil–chalcogenide glass composite with incorporated silver nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by high‐dose (1.0 × 1017 Ag+/cm2) 30 keV Ag+ ion implantation results in decreasing the biosensor sensitivity up to 2390 times (the sensitivity of the bioelectrode was 28.3 А M−1 m−2). The role of additives (chalcogenide glass and silver NPs) in the ureasil matrix on the biofunctionality of the biosensors produced is considered. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45278.

Controlling the Network Properties of Polymer Matrices for Improvement of Amperometric Enzyme Biosensors: Contribution of Positron Annihilation

“…Two types of polymers such as an organic-inorganic hybrid ureasilicate (shortened name -ureasil) and a photocross-linked polymer were selected for research. The synthesis of the ureasil-based polymers (pure ureasil and ureasil/As 2 S 3 composite) was reported in [1][2][3][4].…”

“…At the same time, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) is known as a progressive method for microstructural analysis of macromolecular structures. Combination of both methods allowed to get information about network properties of the polymer matrices and the results obtained will be further compared with sensitivity of bioelectrodes constructed using the polymer matrices [1][2][3][4][5]. A role of free-volume and crosslink density in the host polymer matrices used for improvement of operational parameters of laccase-based amperometric biosensors would be established.…”

Network Properties of Ureasil-Based Polymer Matrixes for Construction of Amperometric Biosensors as Probed by PALS and Swelling Experiments

“…This suggests that the one of factors influencing swelling is the change of the basic ureasil network due to ageing. It is supposed that the network properties obtained by PALS and swelling experiments could be very helpful to understand better the bio-functionality of the constructed biosensor based on the ureasil-chalcogenide glass composite [1]. In this respect, to get more information, a comparative analysis of sensitivity of bioelectrodes constructed using the fresh and aged ureasil composites and PALS and swelling results for these samples is required.…”

“…Recently, innovative amperometric biosensors for monitoring the level of wastewater pollution have been constructed [1] on the surface of the gold planar electrodes C220AT "DropSens" by using the organic-inorganic ureasil-based composites as host polymer matrixes and immobilized commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor. In fact, urea-silicates or ureasils are well-known as representatives of organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials successfully examined as dispersion media for luminescent Eu 3+ salts [2], ion conducting Li + salts [3], organic dyes [4], semiconductor and metal nanoparticles [5][6][7][8], and, for the first time, the ureasil-based composites were tested for immobilization of laccase and construction of biosensors [1].…”

“…In fact, urea-silicates or ureasils are well-known as representatives of organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials successfully examined as dispersion media for luminescent Eu 3+ salts [2], ion conducting Li + salts [3], organic dyes [4], semiconductor and metal nanoparticles [5][6][7][8], and, for the first time, the ureasil-based composites were tested for immobilization of laccase and construction of biosensors [1]. It has been found that the biosensor based on the ureasil-chalcogenide glass composite was characterized by very high sensitivity to be 38.3 times higher in compare with pure ureasil.…”