Labramia ambondrombeensis (Sapotaceae), a Critically Endangered new species from Madagascar.

Randriarisoa, Aina; Naciri, Yamama; Gautier, Laurent

doi:10.15553/c2020v751a8

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…3 The high proportion of possibly threatened species in Madagascar is consistent with the recent report of Beech et al (2021), which estimated 63% of Malagasy species to be threatened. Among them, there are many Pandanaceae species (Callmander et al, 2007), 3 of the 6 endemic baobab (Adansonia spp., Malvaceae), and the newly described Sapotaceae species Labramia ambondrombeensis (Baum, 1995;Randriarisoa et al, 2020). As 93% of Madagascar's tree species are endemic, conservation efforts in the country are fundamental to preserve this staggering and unique diversity (Beech et al, 2021) and conserve the basis for a sustainable development of the countries' human population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Estimation and Mapping of the Conservation Status of Tree Species Using Artificial Intelligence

et al. 2022

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Trees are fundamental for Earth’s biodiversity as primary producers and ecosystem engineers and are responsible for many of nature’s contributions to people. Yet, many tree species at present are threatened with extinction by human activities. Accurate identification of threatened tree species is necessary to quantify the current biodiversity crisis and to prioritize conservation efforts. However, the most comprehensive dataset of tree species extinction risk—the Red List of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN RL)—lacks assessments for a substantial number of known tree species. The RL is based on a time-consuming expert-based assessment process, which hampers the inclusion of less-known species and the continued updating of extinction risk assessments. In this study, we used a computational pipeline to approximate RL extinction risk assessments for more than 21,000 tree species (leading to an overall assessment of 89% of all known tree species) using a supervised learning approach trained based on available IUCN RL assessments. We harvested the occurrence data for tree species worldwide from online databases, which we used with other publicly available data to design features characterizing the species’ geographic range, biome and climatic affinities, and exposure to human footprint. We trained deep neural network models to predict their conservation status, based on these features. We estimated 43% of the assessed tree species to be threatened with extinction and found taxonomic and geographic heterogeneities in the distribution of threatened species. The results are consistent with the recent estimates by the Global Tree Assessment initiative, indicating that our approach provides robust and time-efficient approximations of species’ IUCN RL extinction risk assessments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Estimation and Mapping of the Conservation Status of Tree Species Using Artificial Intelligence

et al. 2022

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“…Out of the four remaining genera, three are endemic to the Western Indian Ocean Islands biodiversity hotspot (Aubréville, 1974; Dafreville, 2013): Labramia A.DC. is a Malagasy subendemic genus, with 10 described species, including one in the Comoros (Aubréville, 1974; Labat & al., 1997; Randriarisoa & al., 2020); Labourdonnaisia Bojer is known from six species – three in the Mascarenes and three in Madagascar (Aubréville, 1974; Friedmann, 1981); and Faucherea Lecomte is endemic to Madagascar with 11 described species (Aubréville, 1974). The notable exception is Manilkara , with 78 species distributed widely across the tropics: 30 in Africa, 5 in Madagascar, 13 in the Asia‐Pacific and 30 in South and Central America (Armstrong & al., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One in, one out: Generic circumscription within subtribe Manilkarinae (Sapotaceae)

Randriarisoa

Naciri

Armstrong

et al. 2022

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Previous phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that the Manilkarinae are a monophyletic subtribe if Northia is excluded. The subtribe consists of four genera: Faucherea, Labourdonnaisia, Labramia and Manilkara. However, the same phylogenetic studies also raised taxonomic issues concerning unclear generic delimitations and unresolved relationships. The current study's aims are: to resolve these taxonomic issues using a molecular phylogeny based on hundreds of nuclear markers sequenced from a representative sampling of taxa across the four genera; to find relevant morphological characters allowing the distinction of the clades retrieved with the phylogeny; and finally to understand the evolutionary history of the subtribe by conducting a divergence time estimation and ancestral state reconstructions. Our phylogeny shows a well‐resolved backbone with four main lineages: the Labramia clade, the main clade of Manilkara, a clade in which all species of Labourdonnaisia and Faucherea are mixed, and a clade of three Pacific Manilkara species. The main clade of Manilkara is retrieved as sister to Labramia, and the Labourdonnaisia‐Faucherea clade is clearly assessed as sister to the three Pacific Manilkara species. As a consequence, Faucherea is synonymized with Labourdonnaisia, and the three Pacific Manilkara are considered to be a separate genus, for which the name Abebaia is resurrected. We provide emended descriptions for Labourdonnaisia and Abebaia as well as the necessary new combinations. The ancestral state reconstruction of flower characters shows that ancestral Manilkarinae were characterized by a hexamerous corolla, well‐developed dorsal appendages and staminodes, and a pubescent ovary. These character states have been retained in the main Manilkara clade, but surprisingly also in Abebaia, which appears as a cryptic genus. The lack of dorsal appendages and the reduction of staminodes observed in Labourdonnaisia appeared after the split from Abebaia. The increase in corolla merism observed mainly in the Mascarene Labourdonnaisia, which was used to separate it from Faucherea, appears to be a derived state, which evolved separately in a few species during the radiation of Labourdonnaisia on Madagascar and the Mascarenes. The glabrous ovary state observed in Labramia also constitutes a derived synapomorphic state in the genus.

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A 638‐gene phylogeny supports the recognition of twice as many species in the Malagasy endemic genusCapurodendron(Sapotaceae)

Boluda

Christe

Naciri

et al. 2022

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The Malagasy genus Capurodendron currently accommodates 26 described species and is the largest genus of the family Sapotaceae in Madagascar. These species are frequently logged because of their valued hardwood, which potentially puts them at risk of extinction. Species‐level identifications are often problematic, and this hinders both an accurate assessment of their conservation status and the development of effective protection measures. We sorted all the material (ca. 860 collections) available in the herbaria with significant collections for Madagascar into 47 putative species based on morphology. On 41 of these, for which we were able to retrieve suitable DNA, we conducted a phylogenetic reconstruction based on molecular sequences of 638 loci from 108 Capurodendron specimens, performing a target capture approach combined with next‐generation sequencing. Maximum likelihood (RAxML), pseudocoalescence (ASTRAL), and coalescence (STACEY) analyses showed that Capurodendron comprises two deeply divergent lineages. One, which includes a single species, is here newly described as C. subg. Reflexisepala based on its distinctive morphology. The second lineage contains all remaining species, which seem to have resulted from a rapid radiation event. The phylogenetic tree provides good support for most of the species hypothesized based on morphology, with the exception of two species‐groups that we have named the Arid Complex and the Eastern Complex. As many as 20 species‐level lineages genetically distinct from any of the currently recognized species were identified, 17 of which were morphologically well‐characterized, representing strong candidates for new species. This would suggest that Capurodendron is the most species‐rich endemic genus of plants in Madagascar. While 14 of these 20 clades are still under study, we here describe six species new to science: Capurodendron andrafiamenae (provisionally assessed as CR), C. aubrevillei (VU), C. birkinshawii (CR), C. naciriae (EN), C. randrianaivoi (CR), and C. sakarivorum (EN). Capurodendron oblongifolium comb. nov. (EN), previously regarded as a variety of C. perrieri, represents a distinct lineage that is here recognized at the species level. The newly described species are illustrated by line drawings and photographs from the field, and a preliminary threat assessment is provided. We discuss the evolutionary history of Capurodendron and also explore the question of node age estimates and their methodological limitations.

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Labramia ambondrombeensis (Sapotaceae), a Critically Endangered new species from Madagascar.

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Global Estimation and Mapping of the Conservation Status of Tree Species Using Artificial Intelligence

Global Estimation and Mapping of the Conservation Status of Tree Species Using Artificial Intelligence

One in, one out: Generic circumscription within subtribe Manilkarinae (Sapotaceae)

A 638‐gene phylogeny supports the recognition of twice as many species in the Malagasy endemic genusCapurodendron(Sapotaceae)

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