Labour market reform in Japan to cope with a shrinking and ageing population

Jones, Randall S.; Seitani, Haruki

doi:10.1787/73665992-en

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The speed of population ageing in Taiwan is 1.6, 2.9, and 7.3 times faster than in Japan, United States, and the United Kingdom, respectively. Rapid population ageing has significant implications on health care [ 34 , 35 ], labor [ 36 ], and housing [ 37 ]. According to Taiwan’s Ministry of Interior, the ratio of house price to annual household income of Taipei rose from 6.4 in 2004 to 15 in 2018 which is comparable to Hong Kong with a score of 18, significantly higher than Singapore at 4.5 and Tokyo at 5.0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cointegrations in house price dynamics and ageing population risks

Cheung

2024

PLoS ONE

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How does the riskiness of an ageing population change with house price dynamics of rural areas? Why do rural house prices increase faster than cities despite their ageing populations? Life cycle theory predicts working age households have higher demand for housing than retirement households. An issue that has seen much less attention in the literature is that rural house prices have been increasing despite their populations age rapidly. To answer these issues, our paper introduces an empirical cointegration-based framework designed to be flexible for empirical settings. Our cointegration framework reveals crucial information about rural housing and ageing which has not been found previously: the short-term deviation of house prices from cointegration restrictions is a strong predictor of future rural house prices and migration rate from 1 to 4 year ahead. This is not the case for urban areas nor where cointegration restrictions are being ignored. Rural house prices, not urban ones, are the key to understand this cointegration restriction. Our framework is pertinent to most ageing societies with available housing and demographic data. When a government formulates macroprudential policies internalizing these cointegration restrictions and supporting rural developments, migration into rural areas and population increases are possible. Our evidence highlights the importance of cointegration-based long-run ageing risks for rural housing markets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cointegrations in house price dynamics and ageing population risks

Cheung

2024

PLoS ONE

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The impact of fiscal policy on female labor force participation in Egypt

Attia Mohamed Omran,

Bilan

2023

Problems and Perspectives in Management

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There is no doubt that women play a vital role in all aspects of economic activities around the globe. However, despite the great efforts that governments have made over the past three decades to increase women’s integration into the labor market, their participation is still relatively low compared to men. On the other hand, economic literature argues that the government can use fiscal policy tools such as tax revenue and spending to decrease gender inequality in the labor market. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of government spending and tax revenue shocks on the female labor force participation rate (the share of women in the total labor force) in Egypt. Annual time-series data were collected from the Central Bank of Egypt and the World Bank from 1990 to 2021, where the vector autoregressive (VAR) model and impulse response functions have been used. The results suggest that government spending and tax revenue shocks increase gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate, female labor force participation, and inflation. Results validated the research hypotheses and showed that a one standard deviation shock to either government spending or tax revenue has a positive impact on female labor force participation. Therefore, the study recommends that using an expansionary fiscal policy may increase the accessibility of Egyptian women to the labor market.

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The study of mothernomics, its social benefits and organizational impact

Angasinha,

Lipipun

2024

CGOBR

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The economics of motherhood presents a dual role in society, serving as both an asset and a liability (Harkness, 2018; Miller, 2018). This qualitative study explores mothernomics and its implications in Thailand and benchmarks Thailand relative to five other countries (Sweden, Japan, Australia, Singapore, and Vietnam), examining early childhood care and parental leave through documentary and content analysis. Notably, Sweden’s extensive partner leave, Japan and Australia’s combined before and after birth leave, and Singapore’s balanced approach contrast with Thailand’s limited support. Adaptable and comprehensive policies are underscored, catering to evolving family dynamics, enhancing parental well-being, and contributing to an inclusive societal framework. This study emphasizes the multi-dimensional nature of mothernomics, advocating for holistic strategies that address the economic, social, and cultural dimensions of Thai motherhood. This approach is pivotal for harnessing motherhood’s role in driving societal progress, enabling gender equality, valuing caregiving, and robustly supporting working mothers. Policymakers should consider workplace challenges and societal roles to ensure meaningful maternal participation, advancing overall societal well-being in Thailand.

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Labour market reform in Japan to cope with a shrinking and ageing population

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Cointegrations in house price dynamics and ageing population risks

Cointegrations in house price dynamics and ageing population risks

The impact of fiscal policy on female labor force participation in Egypt

The study of mothernomics, its social benefits and organizational impact

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