Labour-market institutions, (un)employment, wages, and growth: theory and data

Afonso, Óscar; Bandeira, Ana María; Magalhäes, Manuela

doi:10.1080/00036846.2017.1332748

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It is also consistent with Neto et al (2019), who find that as the bargaining capacity of unions declines, industrial economies tend to experience greater wage dispersion. It also helps to explain the pattern observed by Afonso et al (2018), in which the United States, United Kingdom, and similar nations have experienced a combination of greater wage inequality and lower unemployment for unskilled labor.…”

Section: Do the Amt And Minimum Wage Maintain Real Parity?mentioning

confidence: 95%

Economic inequality and congressional action in the United States: A comparison of the minimum wage and alternative minimum tax

Koger

Rodriguez

2021

Poverty & Public Policy

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A central puzzle in American politics is the stark increase in economic inequality since the early 1970s due, in part, to the absence of public policies to address this trend. One explanation is policy drift: Inequality has grown in the United States because the political process has been unresponsive to economic trends toward inequality. A second explanation is unequal political influence: Wealthy individuals and corporations wield superior political influence and tilt public policy toward their interests. We compare these explanations using the federal minimum wage and alternative minimum tax (AMT) from 1969 to 2012 as comparison cases. These policies were both denominated in nominal dollars, so the effect of policy inaction is comparable for both policy domains. We find that (1) the U.S. Congress was much more likely to update AMT policy than minimum wage policy after 1978, (2) Congress protected and increased the real value of the AMT deduction for married couples, whereas the real value of the minimum wage and individual deduction declined after 1978, (3) Congress and the President eventually converted the AMT-but not the minimum wageto automatic adjustments for inflation. These patterns highlight the role of political inequality in economic policy-making.

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Section: Do the Amt And Minimum Wage Maintain Real Parity?mentioning

confidence: 95%

Economic inequality and congressional action in the United States: A comparison of the minimum wage and alternative minimum tax

Koger

Rodriguez

2021

Poverty & Public Policy

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“…Unemployment remains a key macroeconomic indicator that is determined by economic growth [1][2][3]. It is one of the principal problems threatening sustainable economic growth in many emerging economies, especially in sub-Saharan Africa countries [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions Driving Youth Employment in Key Sectors of the Nigerian Economy

Edewor¹,

Kollie

Olaoye³

2023

Sustainability

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The rising incidence of youth unemployment, especially in emerging economies, calls for prompt attention of development experts and policy makers given its effect on sustainable growth. This challenge has worsened in recent times in Nigeria, hence, making it crucial to understand the factors driving youth employment. We analyzed the differential impact of sectoral growth on youth employment across rural and urban areas through a gender lens and identified the specific conditions needed for investment in sectors with potentials for job creation in the Nigerian economy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, revealed comparative advantage (RCA), employment elasticity, and Logit regression model. It was observed that Nigeria has demonstrated a comparative advantage in the export of 17 products. Our findings also revealed that all the economic sectors in Nigeria have potential for creating employment at different levels with financial services contributing the highest (0.734) and manufacturing the lowest (0.056). The increase in education influenced employment and a higher likelihood of male youths’ employment in the services, construction, and industry sectors as compared to more female youths in the trade sector. Some common conditions that could aid firms’ production scale-up and increase job creation across all sectors include: increased access to finance, improved infrastructure (road, water, air, power, and rail), and favorable interest rates and exchange rates. We recommend that concerted effort be targeted at mainstreaming gender in all sectoral policies and key sectors be strengthened through targeted welfare reforms aimed at enhancing the capacities of the youths for sectoral relevance.

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