JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . The MIT Press and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of The Journal of Interdisciplinary History are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Journal of Interdisciplinary History.Once only of incidental concern in economic history, the relationship between the everyday social behavior of lower-class families and fundamental economic transformations has lately been the subject of intensive research and broad theoretical consideration. We have, as a result, a much richer picture of how waves of wholesale changes in the English economy between 1500 and I850 realigned marriage, reproduction, communal relations, and production and consumption among lower-class families, and how those realignments in turn affected the transition to a modern industrial economy. Over the last thirty years, several major studies have also appeared which shed new light on how marriage, fertility, and mortality, the upbringing of children, the structure of kinship and clientage, and the distribution of power in the family shifted between Henry VII and Victoria among the landed classes, the commercial bourgeoisie, and the industrial and professional classes. Yet, unlike similar progress in the study of lower-class families, such strides in our factual understanding of the organization of middle-and upper-class families have not produced any striking theoretical developments that bind these changes to the radical restructuring of the early modern English economy. As new productive techniques and new forms of agricultural and industrial organization were adopted, and as the composition and the economic foundation of social classes shifted, both lower-class and middle-and upper-class families were bound to respond in ways that would maintain either their precarious foothold or their privileged position in a rapidly changing economy.' two anonymous reviewers for comments that not only pointed out several glaring errors, but also helped us to tighten the arguments.? 1993 by The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of The Journal of Interdisciplinary History.