Labour contracts and the stepping-stone effect in Emilia-Romagna: A multinomial analysis

Bosco, Maria Giovanna; Valeriani, Elisa

doi:10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2019-16

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…The number of fixed-term contracts for women is almost double (1.74 times larger) than open-ended contracts, whereas the figure for men is 1.12. This difference is relevant as, on average, fixed-term jobs act as bottlenecks, not springboards, towards permanent work positions (Bosco and Valeriani, 2018, 2019). Moreover, men are more often engaged in apprenticeships than women, a contractual agreement conceived in Italy as naturally leading the worker to a well-defined, usually permanent, profession.…”

Section: Case Study and Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part time jobs, fragmentation and work instability: light on the gender gap in Emilia-Romagna

Bosco,

Valeriani

2023

IJM

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate if, given personal, supply-related features, and labour demand-related variables, there is a difference in the share of women finding more stable jobs with respect to men, in an eight-year time span.Design/methodology/approachFragmentation leads to a lower probability of transitioning into more certain, full-time work positions. The authors analyse a rich cohort of dependent workers in Emilia-Romagna to investigate whether part-time jobs lead to full-time jobs in a “stepping-stone” fashion and whether this happens with the same probability for men and women. The focus is on the cost of part-time jobs rather than the contrast between permanent and temporary jobs, as often observed in the literature. The authors also evaluate the transition between part-time job formulae and open-ended work arrangements to determine whether women's transition to full-fledged, stable work positions is slightly rarer than their male counterparts. Even if the authors allow for the fact that part-time contracts can be a choice and not an obligation, these contracts generate more flexibility in managing the equilibrium between private and work life and create more uncertainty than full-time contracts because of the fragmentation associated with these arrangements.FindingsThe authors find that women have a more fragmented working career than men, in that they hold more contracts than men in the same time span; moreover, the authors find that part-time jobs act more as bottlenecks for women than for men.Originality/valueThe authors use a large administrative dataset with over 600,000 workers observed in the 2008–2015 time span, in Emilia Romagna, Italy. The authors can disentangle the number of contracts per worker and observe individual, anonymise personal features, that the authors consider in the authors' propensity score estimate. The authors ran a robustness check of the PSM estimates through coarsened exact matching (CEM).

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Section: Case Study and Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part time jobs, fragmentation and work instability: light on the gender gap in Emilia-Romagna

Bosco,

Valeriani

2023

IJM

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Are traineeships stepping-stones for youth working careers in Italy?

Cappellini¹,

Maitino²,

Patacchini³

et al. 2019

IJM

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an evaluation of traineeships as an active labour policy for young people in Italy. The role of traineeships as a formative experience for improving youth employment is stated by law and the specific evaluation of the regional Quality Traineeships Programme allowed for a more in-depth analysis of the role quality criteria plays in traineeship implementation.Design/methodology/approachSuch evaluation relies on administrative data, while a counterfactual approach was used to compare trainees to unemployed young people registered with Public Employment Services. The impact of traineeships on youth careers was measured in terms of employment probability, but innovatively, the actual placement was measured in terms of both hiring and along a “quality” metric with respect to entry in the labour market. It is reasonable to assume that young people are interested in traineeships as an investment towards a more satisfying career (not just as a gateway to recruitment). At last, the authors introduce a persistency analysis of the effects on youth employment rates.FindingsThe results show that traineeships hinder rapid transition to work, but they are effective stepping-stones for young people seeking a quality career. A benefit of 7 percentage points was estimated on the probability of finding a quality job after completing the traineeship and a long-lasting effect on trainees’ employment rate is demonstrated by the persistency analysis. These benefits are strengthened for participants in the Quality Traineeships Programme, confirming the relevance of desirable learning and contractual conditions in supporting the effectiveness of internships in Italy.Originality/valueAs far as the authors know, this paper is the first study that specifically refers to traineeships as an active policy in Italy and the questions resulting from the research suggest new trends in the debate over the role of policies for supporting youth employment. The administrative archives used in the analysis and the persistence effects on youth employment rates are further innovations to the empirical literature on the effectiveness of Italy’s training programmes.

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Labour contracts and the stepping-stone effect in Emilia-Romagna: A multinomial analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Part time jobs, fragmentation and work instability: light on the gender gap in Emilia-Romagna

Part time jobs, fragmentation and work instability: light on the gender gap in Emilia-Romagna

Are traineeships stepping-stones for youth working careers in Italy?

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