Labour-Community Coalitions and State Enterprise: the Lithgow Small Arms Factory 1918-1932

Patmore, Greg

doi:10.1177/002218569703900203

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Social scientists have documented organizational coalitions within virtually every individual social movement, including the environmental (Lichterman 1995;Shaffer 2000), labor (Patmore 1997;Reynolds 1999;Williams 1999), women's (Ferree and Hess 1994;Rupp and Taylor 1990;Staggenborg 1986;Whittier 1995), gay rights (Adam 1995;D'Emilio 1983), civil rights (McAdam 1982;Morris 1984), and nuclear freeze (Hathaway and Meyer 1993;Rochon and Meyer 1997) movements. Research demonstrates that coalitions are more likely to form when a movement faces increased political opportunities or threats (Hathaway and Meyer 1993;McCammon and Campbell 2002;Rochon and Meyer 1997;Staggenborg 1986), when resources are plentiful (DiazVeizades and Chang 1996;Staggenborg 1986;Williams 1999;Zald and McCarthy 1987), and when there are no signi cant identity differences between the groups involved (Arnold 1995;DiazVeizades and Chang 1996;Lichterman 1995;McCammon and Campbell 2002).…”

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Crossing Movement Boundaries: Factors that Facilitate Coalition Protest by American College Students, 1930–1990

2003

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Staging events with a large number of participants is a central means by which collective action movements exercise power. Creating broad coalitions that cut across movement boundaries is one way to mobilize these large numbers. In spite of this fact, most studies of social movement coalitions focus on individual movements, analyzing them in isolation. This article explores the conditions under which organizations form alliances across movement boundaries, and examines whether these cross-movement coalition events are facilitated by the same factors that inspire coalition activity among organizations active within a single movement. I use event history methods to analyze data on 2,644 left-wing protest events that occurred on college campuses between 1930 and 1990. I nd several differences between the factors that facilitate cross-movement and within-movement coalition events. The availability of resources is important to within-movement coalition events but not to cross-movement coalition formation. Local threats inspire within-movement coalition events, while larger threats that affect multiple constituencies or broadly de ned identities inspire crossmovement coalition formation. The activity of multi-issue movement organizations is associated with higher levels of all forms of protest, including single and cross-movement coalition events. This research contributes to social movement theory by demonstrating that political threats sometimes inspire protest, and that organizational goals in uence strategic action. Throughout the 20th century, students frequently organized broad coalitions to protest against the policies of political and corporate elites. For example, in February 1987, when the chairman of Coors Brewing Company visited campus, 200 Harvard students protested (Landau 1987:1). Chanting "Coors, Coors, no way, racist, sexist, anti-gay," the students expressed their displeasure with the company's employment policies. The Democratic Socialists of America coordinated the event, which involved a broad coalition of student groups including the South Africa Solidarity Committee, the Harvard/Radcliffe Gay and Lesbian Alliance, the Committee on Central America, and a labor union. Coalition events such as this one raise a number of interesting questions that social movement scholarship has not examined. What factors facilitate collaboration across movement boundaries? What conditions inspire crossmovement coalition events rather than within-movement events? Research shows that social movement organizations that work in coalition with other groups are more likely to achieve success (Gamson 1990; Steedly and Foley 1979). Mobilizing large numbers of people and demonstrating widespread support for an issue is one of the few ways that social movements are able to exercise power (Koopmans 1993; Lipsky 1970; Tilly 1978). Creating broad coalitions that cut across movement boundaries is a central means by The author would like to thank

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confidence: 99%

Crossing Movement Boundaries: Factors that Facilitate Coalition Protest by American College Students, 1930–1990

2003

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“…They, too, underplay the possibility of new union forms. Drawing mainly on literature from the United States (Craft 1990;Craypo & Nissen 1993), it has been suggested that under some circumstances unions can build alliances with other groups in particular places around particular issues, most notably service delivery and plant closures (Patmore 1997;Thornthwaite 1997;Labour History 2000). However, there has been considerable skepticism about advancing beyond such ad hoc alliances.…”

Section: Geographies Of Work Community and Unionismmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Unionism in the Old Economy: Community and Collectivism in the Pilbara’s Mining Towns

Ellem

2003

Journal of Industrial Relations

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T his paper focuses on union renewal and the nature and prospects of 'community unionism' as unions struggle to define and control the spaces in which workers and their families labour and live. It assesses the processes of union renewal in the iron ore industry in Western Australia's north-west, where the Pilbara Mineworkers Union, a new organisation, has appeared. This union aims to organise workers nominally covered by four mining unions and appears to be an emergent 'community union', in a social and spatial setting where work and community issues overlap. The new organisation has followed on from other Pilbara struggles in which the organising strategy of the Australian Council of Trade Unions has been seized upon with particular enthusiasm, meshing with local traditions and the needs of the present. These developments cannot be fully understood without thinking about the geographies of work, community and regulation which have been interconstitutive with unionism's Pilbara trajectory. Analysing this case begins to provide a specific illustration of how union structures and strategies actually do change, as opposed to merely recapitulating arguments about how unions should change.

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“…Most analyses have focused on 'labour-community coalitions', rather than community unionism as such. Drawing mainly on literature from the USA (see especially Craft 1990;Craypo & Nissen 1993), it has been suggested that unions can build successful alliances with other groups in particular places around particular issues, most notably service delivery and plant closures (Patmore 1997;Thornthwaite 1997).…”

Section: B Ellemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-placing the Pilbara's mining unions

Ellem

2003

Australian Geographer

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This paper examines the attempt by mining management in Western Australia's Pilbara to replace mining unions-quite literally-by removing them from the processes of representation and bargaining. It analyses the way in which those unions have tried to re-place themselves, in the senses of transforming themselves in those spaces in which they were already operating and reviving themselves where they were not. Where unionists have succeeded in these engagements, it has been by working at a range of geographical scales, using the 'power of place' in the Pilbara and reshaping traditional geographies of union organisation. It is suggested here that many of these emergent outcomes are the result of the embeddedness of geographically specific historical structures along with new intersections of nationally and locally scaled labour politics.

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Labour-Community Coalitions and State Enterprise: the Lithgow Small Arms Factory 1918-1932

Cited by 23 publications

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Crossing Movement Boundaries: Factors that Facilitate Coalition Protest by American College Students, 1930–1990

Crossing Movement Boundaries: Factors that Facilitate Coalition Protest by American College Students, 1930–1990

New Unionism in the Old Economy: Community and Collectivism in the Pilbara’s Mining Towns

Re-placing the Pilbara's mining unions

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