Laboratory SWAXS combined with a low-pressure impactor for quasi-online analysis of nanoparticles generated by spark discharge

Guo, Xiaoai; Wagner, Moritz; Gutsche, Alexander; Meyer, Jörg; Seipenbusch, Martin; Nirschl, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2015.03.004

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A "shoulder" appears between two power-law regimes, as marked by a red dash curve, yielding the gyration radius of the particles (R g = 2.75 nm), thereby determining d pp ≃ 7 nm ( pp = 2√5 3 ⁄ g ). 54,55 This estimation is in line with the TEM observations (cf. inset in Figure 4a).…”

Section: Mobility Diameter (Nm)supporting

confidence: 89%

“…For mass fractals (with 1<P<3) the mass-fractal dimension d mf is equal to P, which describes the mass-fractal scaling inside the aggregates or agglomerates. 54,55 Ni agglomerates have d mf of 2.12 and a smooth surface (ds = 2.0). A "shoulder" appears between two power-law regimes, as marked by a red dash curve, yielding the gyration radius of the particles (R g = 2.75 nm), thereby determining d pp ≃ 7 nm ( pp = 2√5 3 ⁄ g ).…”

Section: Mobility Diameter (Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green manufacturing of metallic nanoparticles: a facile and universal approach to scaling up

et al. 2016

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Section: Mobility Diameter (Nm)supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Mobility Diameter (Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green manufacturing of metallic nanoparticles: a facile and universal approach to scaling up

et al. 2016

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“…Non-invasive measurements were performed using a custom-made laboratory SAXS/WAXS camera with Cu-Kα radiation (λ = 1.54 Å), as described elsewhere. 67 Supporting Information. The calculation of particle size distribution at the location of textiles, modeling the deposition of NPs onto textiles, the measurements of filtration efficiency and pressure drop of the textiles, the determination of Ag content on textiles, the schematic illustration of experimental setup.…”

Section: Surface Chemistry and Morphology Of The Nanofinished Textilementioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable and Environmentally Benign Process for Smart Textile Nanofinishing

Feng

Hontañón

Blanes

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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A major challenge in nanotechnology is that of determining how to introduce green and sustainable principles when assembling individual nanoscale elements to create working devices.For instance, textile nanofinishing is restricted by the many constraints of traditional pad-drycure processes, such as the use of costly chemical procedures to produce nanoparticles (NPs), the high liquid and energy consumption, the production of harmful liquid waste, and multi-step batch operations. By integrating low-cost, scalable, and environmentally benign aerosol processes of the type proposed here into textile nanofinishing, these constraints can be circumvented while leading to a new class of fabrics. The proposed one-step textile nanofinishing process relies on the diffusional deposition of aerosol NPs onto textile fibers. As proof of this concept, we deposit Ag NPs onto a range of textiles and assess their antimicrobial properties for two strains of bacteria (i.e., Staphylococcus Aureus and Klebsiella Pneumoniae).The measurements show that the logarithmic reduction in bacterial count reaches ca. 5.5 (corresponding to a reduction efficiency of 99.96%) when the Ag loading is one order of magnitude less (10 ppm; i.e., 10 mg Ag NPs per kg of textile) than in the textiles treated by traditional wet-routes. The antimicrobial activity does not increase in proportion to the Ag content above 10 ppm as a consequence of a "saturation" effect. Such low loading for

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“…For the mOSU setup each OSU has its own power supply and metal pellet feeding system while the gas feed and circulation system and NP collection filters are shared; for the OSU setup all this is dedicated to just the one evaporation unit. NP size measurements were carried out by project partners assisting other project partners, using methods such as SMPS (consisting of a DMA and an AEM, or a DMA and a CNC), ELPI, TEOM and SWAXS-see [15][16][17][18] for more detail. For the mOSU arc set-up at UDE, 1-2 mm metal "shots" were fed to drop into a tungsten crucible using a specially designed feeding device [14], for the spark system the two electrodes form the metal to be processes into NPs [17].…”

Section: Osu/mosu and Scale-up Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, exergy analysis, based on the Second Law of Thermodynamics, quantifying all energy forms into capacity to do work is highly suitable for determining the efficiency of energy use [18].…”

Section: Efficiency Of Energy Use: Exergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficiency and Scalability of Metallic Nanoparticle Production Using Arc/Spark Discharge

Slotte

Zevenhoven

2017

Energies

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Abstract:The increased global demand for metallic nanoparticles for an ever growing number of applications has given rise to a need for larger scale and more efficient nanoparticle (NP) production processes. In this paper one such process is evaluated from the viewpoints of scalability and energy efficiency. Multiple setups of different scale of an arc/spark process were evaluated for energy efficiency and scalability using exergy analysis, heat loss evaluation and life cycle impact assessment, based on data collected from EU FP7 project partners. The energy efficiency of the process is quite low, with e.g., a specific electricity consumption (SEC) of producing~80 nm copper NP of 180 kWh/kg while the thermodynamic minimum energy need is 0.03 kWh/kg. This is due to thermal energy use characteristics of the system. During scale-up of the process the SEC remained similar to that of smaller setups. Loss of NP mass in the tubing of larger setups gives a lower material yield. The variation in material yield has a significant impact on the life cycle impact for the produced NP in both the Human Health and Ecosystem Quality categories while the impact is smaller in the Global Warming and Resource Depletion categories.

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Laboratory SWAXS combined with a low-pressure impactor for quasi-online analysis of nanoparticles generated by spark discharge

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Green manufacturing of metallic nanoparticles: a facile and universal approach to scaling up

Green manufacturing of metallic nanoparticles: a facile and universal approach to scaling up

Scalable and Environmentally Benign Process for Smart Textile Nanofinishing

Energy Efficiency and Scalability of Metallic Nanoparticle Production Using Arc/Spark Discharge

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