Laboratory study on the effect of sulfate ions on rebar corrosion

Al-Tayyib, A.J.; Somuah, S. K.; Boah, J.K.; Leblanc, P.; Al-Mana, A.I.

doi:10.1016/0008-8846(88)90102-0

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The potential generally decreases with the increase of chloride concentrations, while the sulfate ion plays a totally different role. It directly participates in the passivation process to generate a film with a structure of inferior quality [10,37]. This theory agrees with the experimental results.…”

Section: Effect Of Sulfate Ionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Pore Solution Chemistry of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement and Its Effects on Steel Passivation

et al. 2019

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Calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSA) is a type of low-CO2 binder which has been widely applied in the production of concrete. To investigate the protection capability offered by CSA to keep steel from corrosion, the pore solution chemistry of CSA on steel passivation was investigated in this study. The pore solution of CSA pastes, extracted by an ex situ leaching method, was studied and compared with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The results show that the alkalinity of the CSA pore solution is not only much lower than that of OPC, but also that a new type of ion, Al(OH)4−, and high concentration of SO42− were detected in the liquid phase of CSA. Based on pore solution chemistry analysis, a simulated pore solution (SPS) system was designed to assess the comprehensive impact of alkalinity and ion composition, featured as properties of CSA, on steel passivation. The results of the corrosion potential evolution highlight the importance of alkalinity in passivation. SO42− can cause depassivation when there is not enough hydroxyl, but Al(OH)4− is able to maintain the alkalinity of the system, enhancing the stability of the passive film.

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Section: Effect Of Sulfate Ionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Pore Solution Chemistry of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement and Its Effects on Steel Passivation

et al. 2019

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“…v The current density measurements should be performed for a longer period, as also recommended by Schönning, et al 29 S32205 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 S32101 1 (1) 1 (0) 0 (0) 3 S31653 2 (0) 1 (0) 0 (0) 4 S24100 2 (2) 0 (0) 0 (0) 5 S32304 3 (1) 2 (1) 0 (0) (A) The number of bars with corrosion rate > proposed failure criterion of >0.025 mA/cm 2 for 2 h is shown in parentheses. v The "pass/fail" limit should be lower, again as recommended by Schönning, et al [29][30]…”

Section: Conclusion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Proposed European Test Procedure for Ranking Stainless Steel Rebar

2016

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A modified version of EN 480-14 potentiostatic test procedure has been proposed as a rapid "pass/fail" screening test for the range of stainless steel reinforcing alloys currently available. The purpose of the present work was to determine if the proposed experimental details of the test are the most appropriate and result in the same ranking of the alloys as obtained in longer-term, conventional tests. To that end, some of the details of the experimental procedure were modified to allow a more direct comparison with the authors' results of long-term testing of the same range of stainless steel grades. To this end, the admixed chloride content and applied potential were varied and the bars were embedded in the same concrete mixture (based on an ordinary Portland cement [OPC]/slag blend with 0.40 water/cementitious materials [w/cm] ratio) as in the long-term tests, rather than in OPC mortar with a 0.50 w/cm ratio. For comparison, tests were also conducted on bars cast into a plain OPC concrete with the same aggregates and w/cm ratio. The results illustrate the importance of concrete mixture design, with the steels exhibiting better performance in the OPC concrete than in the OPC/slag concrete under the same conditions. Furthermore, it is concluded that the use of the same constant applied potential for all grades of stainless steel may not be the most appropriate because of the wide range of half-cell potentials exhibited by the different rebar grades. Instead, it is recommended that the same anodic polarization (i.e., the same difference between the half-cell potential and the applied potential) be considered.

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] Sulfate ions also destroy the passive film. Whereas some studies conclude that the effect of sulfate on the corrosion rate is milder than that of chloride, [9] Cheng et al [10] and Al-Tayyib et al [11] showed that sulfate is more aggressive than chloride. However, Jin et al [12] reported that increasing the concentration of Na 2 SO 4 in an aqueous solution containing chloride ions reduced the time for crack initiation and crack propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of corrosion products of iron at a low‐level radioactive waste disposal facility in Japan

Fujiwara

Tani

Hironaga

2020

Materials & Corrosion

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Estimation of the volumetric expansion ratio due to the corrosion of metals is an essential part of the safety assessment of low‐level radioactive waste disposal facilities in Japan, because such volumetric expansion can disrupt the barrier function of these facilities. In the present study, the corrosion products of iron were predicted from potential–pH diagrams and the results of a synthesis test, and the volumetric expansion ratios of the corrosion products were evaluated. Under a basic set of conditions expected at a disposal facility over a storage period of a thousand to tens of thousands of years, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, and FeOOH were predicted as the major stable corrosion products of iron. The maximum volumetric expansion ratio determined from the true density of these products was 2.9, and the maximum volumetric expansion ratio, assuming the generation of voids in the corrosion products, was 3.7, which is the Pilling–Bedworth ratio of Fe(OH)2. The volumetric expansion ratio may increase in the presence of carbonate ions in a long‐term environment with a reduced pH.

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Laboratory study on the effect of sulfate ions on rebar corrosion

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Pore Solution Chemistry of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement and Its Effects on Steel Passivation

Pore Solution Chemistry of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement and Its Effects on Steel Passivation

Evaluation of the Proposed European Test Procedure for Ranking Stainless Steel Rebar

Prediction of corrosion products of iron at a low‐level radioactive waste disposal facility in Japan

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