Laboratory investigation of some characteristics of the Eppley pyrheliometer

Fuquay, Don; Buettner, Konrad J. K.

doi:10.1029/tr038i001p00038

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Only a minor change from the original calibration of 0.0912 ly/mv was indicated in the recalibration constant of 0.0934 ly/mv. An Eppley 10-junction pyrheliometer [Fuquay and Buettner, 1957]…”

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The fraction of sunlight retained as net radiation in Hawaii

Ekern¹

1965

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abst•'act. Both estimated and measured values of net radiation over several different surfaces established the retention of appro,ximately two-thirds of the sunlight as net radiation for stations at low elevations in Hawaii. This high retention of sunlight was a consequence of both low reflectance and a very low heating coefficient (change of long-wave net radiation with change in total net radiation). The persistent high elevation of the sun and the efficient convective heat sink formed by the maritime air helped to account for this large retention of sunlight as net radiation. The mineralogic composition of the soil and the leaf habit of the vegetative cover contributed to the low reflectance from these surfaces. Since this net radiation can be used to heat the soil, plants, and air, and to evaporate water, the heat and moisture budgets of a surface in the maritime tropics may differ markedly from those of a surface in the temperate latitudes under similar solar radiation. Net radiation is an important meteorological parameter for any area since its effect upon the heat and moisture budgets of the soil, crop, and air has been amply demonstrated [Tanner, 1960; Tanner and Pelton, 1960; Chang, 1961; Tanner and Lemon, 1962]. The fraction of sunlight retained as net radiation can be measured directly or can be closely approximated from the reflectance of the short-wave radiation and an estimated long-wave radiation balance [Monteith and Szeicz, 1962; Swinba.nk, 1963]. Net radiation was measured with a Beckman and Whitley model N-188 radiometer [Portman and Dias, 1959; Gates, 1962] over a pineapple field at the Pineapple Research Institute field station (Wahiawa, Oahu, 21ø28'N lat.; 216 m elev.; index 820.2) ITalia.retro, 1961]. The instrument was shaded for a field check of the

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confidence: 99%

The fraction of sunlight retained as net radiation in Hawaii

Ekern¹

1965

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…This procedure can introduce an error of 4 to 5% (Fuquay and Buettner, 1957). This procedure can introduce an error of 4 to 5% (Fuquay and Buettner, 1957).…”

Section: Methodology and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy budget of man at high altitudes

Terjung

1970

Int J Biometeorol

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Evidence exists that the greatest solar radiation intensities on this planet occur at high mountain ranges in the arid regions of the lower middle latitudes during summer. Here, the environment experiences one of the most intense short and longwave energy fluctuations and conversions in the world. Unfortunately, high mountain areas are also one of the regions of the earth for which v e r y few o b s e rvations exist in energy balance climatology.It appears that the arid southwestern United States is one such an anomalous heat center (Bennett, 1965;Landsberg, 1961;Terjung, 1968; Terjung et al. ,1969a, b). In July 1968 an expedition was organized by the Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, to observe, radiation, meteorological, and biometeorological p a r a m e t e r s in the White Mountains of California (14 to 19 July). These mountains are a high d e s e r t range which parallel the S i e r r a Nevada from about 37ON to 38°N (Fig. 1). Fig. 1. Location map. Numbers indicate location of observation sites;contourlines a r e in feet.

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“…Albedo (a) readings were derived by inverting the instrument and a = (Q+q),(Q +q)h (3) where (Q + q)r is the reflected shortwave radiation from the ground and (Q +q)h is the global radiation on a horizontal surface. According to Fuquay and Buettner (1957), errors due to reflected radiation that originates below the thermopile level and differential convection effects, when the instrument is inverted, can introduce an error of 4 to 5 %. To determine diffuse shortwave radiation (q), the instrument was shaded from the sun for a sufficiently long time.…”

Section: Methodology and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%