Laboratory evaluation of an inoculant for ensiling whole crop maize in South Africa

Nkosi, B.D.; Meeske, R.; Palic, D.; Langa, T.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.07.008

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The silages in the present study had NH 3 -N concentrations of less than 100 g NH 3 -N/kg TN. However, treating potato hash silage at ensiling with either whey or molasses further reduced (P <0.05) the NH 3 -N concentration compared to the UPHS, confirming the work of other researchers (Yunus et al, 2000;Bautista-Trujillo et al, 2009;Nkosi et al, 2009) who found reduced NH 3 -N production. This could be explained by the fact that whey and molasses reduced the pH, resulting in a decreased production of NH 3 -N in the silage compared to the UPHS.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…It is well established that adding molasses and whey reduced the concentration of butyric acid in silage (Bautista-Trujillo et al, 2009;Nkosi et al, 2009). A concentration of <0.1 g butyric acid/kg DM is typically found in well-preserved silage (Kung & Shaver, 2001) and only the MS had the acceptable butyric acid concentration compared to the potato hash silage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are costly to the farmer and their effectiveness can be less reliable, since it is based on the activity of living organisms (Weinberg & Muck, 1996). Alternatively, food waste materials such as whey (Nkosi, 2003;Zobell et al, 2004;Bautista-Trujillo et al, 2009) and sugarcane molasses (Bolsen et al, 1996;Yunus et al, 2000;Van Niekerk et al, 2007;Nkosi et al, 2009) can be used as silage additives to ensile high moisture potato hash. The present study compared the fermentation characteristics of potato hash silage produced without or with additives (whey and molasses) with that of maize silage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of whey and molasses as silage additives on potato hash silage quality and growth performance of lambs

Nkosi¹,

Meeske²

2010

SA J. An. Sci.

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________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of whey or molasses on the fermentation quality when added to potato hash silage. In addition, lamb performance, digestibility and feed intake of diets containing potato hash silage were compared with a diet containing maize silage (MSd). Potato hash silage (treated with no additive, or whey, or molasses) and MS were produced in 210 L drums for 90 days and the fermentation quality of the silages was determined thereafter. Diets were formulated and fed ad libitum to 32 South African Dorper lambs (23.5 ± 0.873 kg live weight) for 63 days. A digestibility study was conducted during the last week of the study. The untreated potato hash silage (UPHS) was poorly fermented as indicated by higher concentrations of butyric acid, ammonia-N and pH compared to the other silages. Higher dry matter intake (DMI) and daily weight gains (218 and 250 g/d) were obtained with MSd and molasses treated potato hash silage diet (MPHSd) compared to the other diets. Nutrient digestibility was lower in the UPHS diet compared to the other dietary treatments. It was concluded that the fermentation quality of potato hash was improved with the addition of whey and molasses. Furthermore, growth performance was higher with the MSd and MPHSd than of the other treatments, suggesting that MPHSd can safely replace MSd in a lamb diet at a dietary inclusion level of 20% without any adverse effect on animal performance. ________________________________________________________________________________

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of whey and molasses as silage additives on potato hash silage quality and growth performance of lambs

Nkosi¹,

Meeske²

2010

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…The aerobic stability of the maize cobs deteriorated with the addition of molasses and enzymes, and stabilized with the addition of whey. Nkosi et al (2009) obtained higher CO 2 values for whole maize crop. However, there were similar increases in pH in all silages after exposure to air, which is indicative of poor aerobic stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of whey, molasses and exogenous enzymes on the ensiling characteristics, nutrient composition and aerobic stability of maize cobs

Kanengoni¹,

Nkosi²,

Chimonyo³

et al. 2016

SA J. An. Sci.

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The study was conducted to assess the effects of whey, molasses and exogenous enzymes on fermentation, aerobic stability and nutrient composition of ensiled maize cobs. Five treatments were ensiled in 1.5 L anaerobic glass jars over 32 days, namely i) control (maize cobs without additives (CON); ii) maize cobs with sugarcane molasses only (MOL); iii) MOL and whey (MOW); iv) MOW and exogenous enzyme at 0.5 g/kg maize cob mixture (ENZ1) and v) MOW and exogenous enzyme at 1 g/kg maize cob mixture (ENZ2). There was a day effect on gross energy (GE) for CON, MOL, ENZ1 and ENZ2 and none for MOW. There was a day effect in ADF for MOL, ENZ1 and ENZ2 and none for CON and MOW. There was lower dry matter (DM) on day 32 compared with day 0 for all treatments. There were treatment effects for GE, crude protein (CP), ash, ether extract, amylase-treated neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre (ADF). On day 32, the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and ADF concentrations in CON were higher than in MOL, MOW and ENZ2. At day 32, CON silage pH (4.2) was lower than the pH values of ENZ1 (4.5) and ENZ2 (4.6) silages. Acetic acid levels were higher in ENZ1 than ENZ2 silages. Ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 -N) levels averaged 25 ± 6.6 g NH 3 -N/kg total nitrogen, which is indicative of satisfactory ensiling. The MOL, ENZ1 and ENZ2 silages produced more carbon dioxide than CON and MOW silages. The addition of molasses and whey did not improve the nutritive quality of the maize cobs after ensiling. Ensiling maize cobs with molasses, whey and exogenous enzymes resulted in lower DM and fibre levels in the maize cobs, which could enhance intake and digestibility of nutrients when offered to pigs as a component of a balanced diet. Further investigations using higher concentrations of whey and molasses are warranted to improve the energy and protein composition of the maize cobs. ______________________________________________________________________________________

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“…Crop ensiling is based on the conversion of water-soluble carbohydrates into organic acids. Nkosi et al [14] reported that during ensiling pH declined from 5.7 to < 4.2 in maize water extract. The increase in pH for runs 2 and 3 probably resulted from the presence of a basic catalyst remaining in the glycerine phase after the oil transesterifi cation.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Feedstock And Operational Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biogas Using Maize Silage Supplemented with Residual Glycerine from Biodiesel Manufacturing

Pokój¹,

Gusiatin²,

Bułkowska³

et al. 2014

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to investigate the infl uence of residual glycerine (5 and 10% w/w) from the biodiesel industry, used as a co-substrate, on biogas production from maize silage. The experiments were conducted in a laboratory-scale, single-stage anaerobic digester at 39ºC and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 60 d. Addition of 5% residual glycerine caused organic load rate (OLR) to increase to 1.82 compared with 1.31 g organic dry matter (ODM) L respectively. This suggested that 10% glycerine content inhibited methanogenic bacteria and organics conversion into biogas. As a result, there was accumulation of propionic and valeric acids throughout the experiment.

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Laboratory evaluation of an inoculant for ensiling whole crop maize in South Africa

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of whey and molasses as silage additives on potato hash silage quality and growth performance of lambs

Effects of whey and molasses as silage additives on potato hash silage quality and growth performance of lambs

Effects of whey, molasses and exogenous enzymes on the ensiling characteristics, nutrient composition and aerobic stability of maize cobs

Production of Biogas Using Maize Silage Supplemented with Residual Glycerine from Biodiesel Manufacturing

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