Laboratory culture and estimated life span of the Eastern Atlantic squid, Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, 1856 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)

Hanlon, Roger T.; Yang, Won Tack; Turk, Philip E.; Lee, P. G.; Hixon, R. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.1989.tb00438.x

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The August recruits probably spawn in November-January, whilst the December 199 1 recruits, and the mature squid caught off the west coast in February, probably spawn around April. Brierley (1992) The absence of large squid during the summer, coupled with the lack of spent animals, supports the hypothesis that L.forbesi is semelparous, dying soon after spawning (Holme, 1974 culture experiments Hanlon et al (1989) questioned whether L. forbesi was capable of growing rapidly enough to account for a l-year life cycle in UK waters. However, the results of this study and others (Holme, 1974;Lum-Kong et al, 1992;Boyle and Ngoile, 1993a, b;Pierce et al, in press;Collins et al, in press) indicate that the life span of L. forbesi is unlikely to exceed 1 year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Hohne (1974) also identified a summer-spawning group, whilst Lum-Kong et al (1992) suggested that in Scottish waters some spawning may continue sporadically throughout the year. A l-year life cycle with terminal spawning has been proposed for L. forbesi (Holme, 1974) and is supported by evidence from putative daily statolith growth increment counts (Collins et al, in press); however, growth rates in culture experiments suggest a longer life span around the British Isles (Hanlon et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Recruitment, maturation, and spawning of Loligo forbesi Steenstrup (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Irish waters

Collins

Burnell

Rodhouse

1995

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Collins, M. A., Burnell, G. M., and Rodhouse, P. G. 1995. Recruitment, maturation, and spawning of Loligo ,forbesi Steen&up (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Irish waters. -ICES J. mar. Sci., 52: 127-137.A number of reproductive indices were compared with a subjective maturity scale for assessment of Loligo forbesi maturity. The ratio between nidamental gland length and mantle length corresponded well with female maturation, as did the ovary mass-soma mass and nidamental gland mass-soma mass ratios. For males, the ratio between spermatophoric complex mass and somatic mass was found to be the most suitable for maturity assessment. The timing of recruitment and maturation of L. forbesi in Irish waters was described from the size and maturity of squid in commercial landings in the south of Ireland during the years 1991-1993. Immature squid first appeared in commercial catches in July and August, and this represented the main period of recruitment. A second period of recruitment was apparent in December 1991, but was not identified in the 1992-1993 season. Mature females were present in the commercially exploited population between November and April, with a small number also found in the summer. The abundance of egg masses was used to indicate timing of spawning. Egg masses recovered from the Cork coast indicated that peak spawning occurred during the winter months, but continued on a small scale for much of the year.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Recruitment, maturation, and spawning of Loligo forbesi Steenstrup (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Irish waters

Collins

Burnell

Rodhouse

1995

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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“…Schooling behavior typically depends on squid size and swimming ability. A transition in life-history stages based on this behavioral change has been estimated to be at 50 to 60 d for cultured Loligo pealei (4 to 6 mm ML; Hanlon et al 1987), 20 to 40 d for cultured L. vulgaris (5 to 10 mm ML; Turk et al 1986), 40 to 50 d for cultured L. opalescens (8 to 11 mm ML; Yang et al 1986) and 40 d for cultured L. Eorbesi (5 to 8 mm ML; Hanlon et al 1989). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and growth in paralarvae of the mesopelagic squid Abraiia trigonura based on daily growth increments in statoliths

Bigelow¹

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Growth increments in statoliths were used to estimate the a g e of 55 Abralia trigonura (Berry, 1913), a small tropical mesopelagic enoploteuthid squid collected from Hawaiian waters in 1988 and 1989. Growth increments were examined with light and scanning electron microscopy. Daily periodicity of Increment formation and the statolith size at hatching were confirmed by rearing hatchlings in the laboratory. Mantle length (ML) at age data suggested that paralarvae grew exponentially at a rate of 5.9 741 ML d -' for ca 40 d post-hatching, while post-paralarvae exhibited slower growth. No significant difference in growth was noted between paralarvae collected from spatially or temporally separated samples, though estimated length differed at hatching. Estimated paralarval mortality was 7.0 d~' . Within statolith microstructures, a transition in increment widths occurred at an average of 41.5 increments, which corresponded to 10.9 mm ML. The transition probably represents the end of the paralarval period, which is marked by a shift from a n epipelagic to a mesopelagic habitat

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“…Despite its commercial interest and ecological importance (Piatkowski et al, 2001;Velasco et al, 2001), not much is known about the biology of L. forbesi in the Azores. Hanlon et al (1989) were the first to rear Azorean L. forbesi from egg to sub-adults in a closed seawater system with reasonable growth rates (Forsythe & Hanlon, 1989), albeit not past 100 days post-hatching due to high mortality rates. Porteiro et al (1990) maintained adult squid (27 -77 cm DML) for behavioural observations but suffered high mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Azorean Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in captivity: transport, handling, maintenance, tagging and survival

Gonçalves

Porteiro

Cardigos

et al. 2009

Mar. Biodivers. Rec.

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The population of Loligo forbesi inhabiting the Azorean Archipelago achieves the largest size ever reported for this species but also for any Loliginidae. Despite their importance as a food source for local communities, very little is known about their biology and ecology. In this paper, we describe our efforts in capturing, transporting, handling, tagging and holding wild adult L. forbesi in the laboratory. Three culture trials were conducted in the Island of Faial, Azores. Over 84 squid were captured by jigging, transported in separate containers and placed in a recirculating seawater system composed of three 3.6 m circular tanks (8000 l capacity each). Drawings and technical details about the system (filtration system, tanks, liners, illumination, flow rates, etc.) as well as water quality parameters (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, iron, pH, salinity and temperature) are presented. By keeping squid in separate bags and providing constant water flow, no mortality occurred during transport from fishing ground to the laboratory. Mean survival time for each trial was 8 days (1503 g mean weight), 17 days (595.1 g mean weight) and 11 days (826.1 g). A small female remained alive for 44 days. In this system, mortality was faster for larger squid. Low survival time could be attributed to bad water quality management, namely high ammonia levels and high temperature variations but also restricted swimming space for larger squid (.1000 g). Pin tags proved to be the most adequate method of distinguishing between individuals. Squid were fed a variety of fish species, either fresh or defrosted. Daily feeding rates varied between 0 and 7.8% body weight (BW day 21 ). Most squid lost weight or did not grow. However, some individuals showed a positive increase in BW, varying between 0.009 and 1.4% increase in BW day 21 . Key factors to take into account for increasing laboratory survival are: (1) catching squid with jigs; (2) prevention of skin damage during transport;(3) maintenance of small individuals; (4) segregating sexes to reduce agonistic interactions; (5) providing good water quality; and (6) abundant food supply.

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Laboratory culture and estimated life span of the Eastern Atlantic squid, Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, 1856 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)

Cited by 32 publications

References 10 publications

Recruitment, maturation, and spawning of Loligo forbesi Steenstrup (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Irish waters

Recruitment, maturation, and spawning of Loligo forbesi Steenstrup (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in Irish waters

Age and growth in paralarvae of the mesopelagic squid Abraiia trigonura based on daily growth increments in statoliths

The Azorean Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in captivity: transport, handling, maintenance, tagging and survival

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