Laboratory-based evaluation of a simplified point-of-care test intended to support treatment decisions in non-severe bovine clinical mastitis

Malcata, F.B.; Pepler, P.T.; Zadoks, Ruth N.; Viora, Lorenzo

doi:10.1017/s0022029921000303

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The electronic tongue was manufactured using biocompatible molecular architecture and could identify Staphylococcus aureus in milk samples with 100% accuracy. Over the past years, different point-of-care (POC) tests were developed for the diagnosis of bovine mastitis [ 196 , 197 ] and further on, research on this topic is currently being carried out in different EU-funded projects [ 198 , 199 ].…”

Section: On-farm and Lab Methods For Monitoring Udder Health And Milk...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Udder Health Monitoring for Prevention of Bovine Mastitis and Improvement of Milk Quality

Neculai-Văleanu¹,

Ariton²

2022

Bioengineering

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To maximize milk production, efficiency, and profits, modern dairy cows are genetically selected and bred to produce more and more milk and are fed copious quantities of high-energy feed to support ever-increasing milk volumes. As demands for increased milk yield and milking efficiency continue to rise to provide for the growing world population, more significant stress is placed on the dairy cow’s productive capacity. In this climate, which is becoming increasingly hotter, millions of people depend on the capacity of cattle to respond to new environments and to cope with temperature shocks as well as additional stress factors such as solar radiation, animal crowding, insect pests, and poor ventilation, which are often associated with an increased risk of mastitis, resulting in lower milk quality and reduced production. This article reviews the impact of heat stress on milk production and quality and emphasizes the importance of udder health monitoring, with a focus on the use of emergent methods for monitoring udder health, such as infrared thermography, biosensors, and lab-on-chip devices, which may promote animal health and welfare, as well as the quality and safety of dairy products, without hindering the technological flow, while providing significant benefits to farmers, manufacturers, and consumers.

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Section: On-farm and Lab Methods For Monitoring Udder Health And Milk...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Udder Health Monitoring for Prevention of Bovine Mastitis and Improvement of Milk Quality

Neculai-Văleanu¹,

Ariton²

2022

Bioengineering

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“…For example, an average prevalence of contamination of 14.7% was reported from a 7-herd study in Scotland where samples were collected by farm staff, with a range of 0%-33% contaminated samples on individual farms. 13 Not all POC diagnostics for mastitis include the classification 'contaminated' as a potential outcome, so issues with sample quality may not be recognized. Some tests are inherently unsuited for differentiating between contaminated and non-contaminated samples because they do not identify organisms to genus or species level, whereas other tests do not mention contamination in the test's user manual.…”

Section: Specificmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the simplest tests, modelled after a simple urine dipstick, only requires dipping the diagnostic media in milk, overnight incubation and evaluation of growth versus no growth the next day. 13 Likewise, the use of the Minnesota Easy® Bi-plate or 3M™ Petrifilm™ only requires inoculation, incubation, and evaluation of growth. 15,16 An even simpler test from the user's perspective only requires inoculation and incubation, with results read and interpreted automatically in a cloud-based system (MastaTest).…”

Section: User-friendlymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bi-plate concept has been implemented in several formats, including the Minnesota Easy Culture Bi-plate, VetoSlide, DipSlide, and MastDecide. 11,13 Bi-plates consisting of blood agar and MacConkey agar are commercially available in Australia but not specifically for mastitis diagnostics. Biplates typically consist of two agar types in a single Petri dish.…”

Section: Petrifilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for evaluation of on‐farm mastitis diagnostics in Australia

et al. 2023

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Numerous culture-based diagnostics are available on the Australian and international markets for on-farm detection of bacterial pathogens in milk. Use of such diagnostics may provide an opportunity to improve the prudent use of antimicrobials in udder health management. Farms are low-resource settings in terms of diagnostic microbiology capacity. The World Health Organisation has identified criteria for the evaluation of diagnostic tests in low resource settings based on Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, User-friendliness, being Rapid or Robust, Equipmentfree and being Deliverable (ASSURED). Here, we review how those criteria can be interpreted in the context of microbiological diagnosis of mastitis pathogens, and how on-farm diagnostics that are currently available in Australia perform relative to ASSURED criteria. This evaluation identifies multiple trade-offs, both with regard to scientific criteria and with regards to convenience criteria. More importantly, the purpose of testing may differ between farms, and test performance should be evaluated relative to its intended use. The ability of on-farm mastitis diagnostics to inform mastitis treatment decision-making in a timely and cost-effective manner depends not just on test characteristics but also on farm-specific pathogen prevalence, and on the farm enterprise's priorities and the farm manager's potential courses of action. With most assay evaluations to date conducted in professional laboratories, there is a surprising dearth of information on how well any of the diagnostic tests perform on-farm and, indeed, of the on-farm decision-making processes that they aim to inform.

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“…Hence, rapid point of care testing (on-farm, or in a local veterinary practice) have been shown to be able - with appropriate interpretation guidelines - to provide reliable first hand results for differentiation in growth from no growth, gram-positive from gram-negative growth ( 28 ) and gross identification of pathogen groups (genus level) ( 29 , 30 ) even when performed by non-microbiologists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian latent class models to determine diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of two point of care rapid tests (Selma plus, Dipslide) for the detection of Streptococcus uberis associated with mastitis in dairy cows

Rediger

Butty²,

Kittl³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionDevelopment and validations of accurate mastitis diagnostics are crucial to make timely and evidence-based decisions on mastitis therapy in order to reduce its impact on productivity, animal welfare and practicing the prudent use of antimicrobials on dairy farms.MethodsThe objectives of this study were to assess the agreement between test results from reference laboratory and two point of care tests (Selma plus, Dipslide) and to estimate the test accuracies with Bayesian latent class models (BLCMs). In total of 509 single quarter milk samples from cows with mastitis were included in the study.ResultsAmong all analyzed mastitis pathogens, Streptococcus spp. was detected in up to one third of all analyzed samples and for Selma all Streptococcus samples were considered as Streptococcus uberis. The agreement (κ) when comparing two tests varied greatly depending on the bacteria, ranging from no agreement to good agreement (κ = negative to 0.86) depending on the prevalence of identified pathogens. Based on BLCMs to assess diagnostic test accuracies for the pathogen Streptococcus uberis, posterior sensitivities of 76, 71, and 64% for Selma plus, Dipslide and laboratory standard culture and specificities of 93%, 98% for Selma and Dipslide, respectively, were obtained.DiscussionThe two point of care rapid culture systems Dipslide and Selma plus plate can provide important preliminary pathogen identification for targeted mastitis therapy, especially when general information about growth and a rough classification of the bacteria into groups have an impact on treatment strategy. The two evaluated rapid culture systems, Dipslide and Selma plus plate, show good test accuracies for Streptococcus uberis at least at genus level. Therefore, using these tests may contribute to prudent use of antibiotics.

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Laboratory-based evaluation of a simplified point-of-care test intended to support treatment decisions in non-severe bovine clinical mastitis

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Udder Health Monitoring for Prevention of Bovine Mastitis and Improvement of Milk Quality

Udder Health Monitoring for Prevention of Bovine Mastitis and Improvement of Milk Quality

A framework for evaluation of on‐farm mastitis diagnostics in Australia

Bayesian latent class models to determine diagnostic sensitivities and specificities of two point of care rapid tests (Selma plus, Dipslide) for the detection of Streptococcus uberis associated with mastitis in dairy cows

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