Laboratory activities to support online chemistry courses: a literature review

Kennepohl, Dietmar

doi:10.1139/cjc-2020-0506

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Distance learning and experimenting at home have inevitably gained importance in the recent years due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent campus and school closures. (Domenici, 2020;Kennepohl, 2021;Schultz et al, 2020). It can be challenging to design suitable home experiments with easily accessible and safe materials, which means that experiments sometimes have to be adapted and simplified for home use.…”

Section: / 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizens’ views on home experiments in the context of a chemistry citizen science project

Pietzner

Lüsse²,

Brockhage³

et al. 2022

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed

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Citizen science has gained importance in recent years and revealed great potential, especially regarding science learning and environmental education. However, little is known about ways of supporting individual learning processes within citizen science. With this in mind, a home experiment set, the Nitrogen Box, was developed within a chemistry citizen science project on nitrogen pollution of water bodies. The aim of the box was primarily to deepen the subject matter and to sensitize the citizens to the topic. To gain deeper insights into the usability and added value of home experiments in a citizen science context, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten citizens. Analysis of these interviews revealed that the nitrogen box contributed to a consolidation and deepening of knowledge of the nitrogen problem in Northwest Germany. Home experiment sets like Nitrogen Box can motivate and enable citizens to engage more deeply with the scientific topic in the future, to reflect on it and discuss it. We discuss how heterogeneity of the target group presents challenges for designing citizen science projects and provide recommendations for the future projects.

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Section: / 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizens’ views on home experiments in the context of a chemistry citizen science project

Pietzner

Lüsse²,

Brockhage³

et al. 2022

EURASIA J Math Sci Tech Ed

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“…To address this issue, teachers started to employ laboratory activities to teach redox reactions either by performing demonstrations or by having students conduct experiments. Laboratory experiences are an integral part of chemistry instruction, providing students the opportunity of experiencing the macroscopic nature of redox reactions [10], examples of which include reactions between steel wool and copper sulfate, copper (II) and zinc [11,12], and iron nail with copper sulfate and zinc sulfate [8]. These lab experiences provide students the opportunity of observing some sort of phenomena with their naked eyes, such as the color change of a solution or the formation of a new metal.…”

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confidence: 99%

Connecting Macroscopic, Molecular, and Symbolic Representations with Immersive Technologies in High School Chemistry: The Case of Redox Reactions

2022

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Redox reaction is a difficult concept to teach and learn in chemistry courses at the secondary level. Although the significance of connecting macroscopic, molecular, and symbolic levels of representation has been emphasized in the chemistry education literature, most redox instruction involves only macroscopic and symbolic representations. To address this challenge, we designed a blended-reality immersive environment (BRE) model, which blends a traditional experiment with immersive technologies to make the molecular representations of redox reactions visible. The effectiveness of this model in supporting students’ learning of redox reactions was first reported in a different article. In this paper, we further explore the features of BRE that drive learning gains. Results from six high school classes in the U.S. with 351 students indicate that integrating the molecular representation through adding the chemical bonds concept facilitates students in making connections between macroscopic and symbolic levels to promote learning. Dynamic demonstrations of electrons’ interaction with particles support students’ understanding of the nature of redox reactions. This study shows the promise of adopting immersive technologies to present all three representations of chemistry concepts in one learning model.

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“…The American Chemical Society, for instance, requires 400 h of laboratory experience beyond the introductory chemistry laboratory for its accredited bachelor’s degree programs and explicitly states that virtual laboratory experiences do not count toward these hours . However, traditional hands-on laboratory experiences are not always possible or practical due to school closures, financial concerns, or safety issues; thus, educators have sought out alternative methods of laboratory instruction. − …”

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confidence: 99%

“…While virtual laboratory experiences cannot fully replicate traditional laboratory instruction, many studies have reported positive outcomes associated with these digital laboratory courses . Laboratory simulations are useful for introducing new concepts to students who are less familiar with laboratory work, because the cognitive load associated with simulations is smaller than the corresponding in-person experiments . They can also allow students to visualize and manipulate variables that would not be observable in a physical laboratory, which can help students make connections between different representations with varying levels of abstraction .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…7 Laboratory simulations are useful for introducing new concepts to students who are less familiar with laboratory work, because the cognitive load associated with simulations is smaller than the corresponding in-person experiments. 4 They can also allow students to visualize and manipulate variables that would not be observable in a physical laboratory, which can help students make connections between different representations with varying levels of abstraction. 7 Other strengths of online laboratory experiments include increased flexibility and autonomy for students, lower operating costs and waste production, and minimal safety concerns.…”

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Design and Evaluation of the BeArS@home and Slugs@home Choose-Your-Own-Adventure-Style Online Laboratory Experiments

et al. 2022

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Cruz, instructors adapted to the necessity of remote laboratory instruction by creating choose-your-own-adventure-style video-based online experiments introduced to thousands of students across 11 different courses. These experiments are designed to provide students with the opportunity to make and receive feedback on experimental decisions and learn from common mistakes that they may have encountered in hands-on laboratory instruction. Students' and instructors' impressions of the online experiments and student learning outcomes in both online and traditional laboratory courses were assessed using surveys, focus groups, and interviews via a mixed-methods approach. Though most respondents (79%) did not agree that online laboratory instruction was as effective as in-person instruction, the majority agreed that the online experiments were clear and easy to follow (75%), interesting and engaging (52%), and helpful for learning about lab techniques (70%) and the concepts underlying these techniques (77%). Many also mentioned benefits of online laboratory instruction, including flexibility in scheduling and an increased focus on conceptual learning. Assessments of student learning also suggested that students who took the course online learned as much conceptually as students who had previously completed the course in-person. The results of this study highlight the positive and negative aspects of this type of interactive online laboratory instruction, which could help inform the design of future lab experiences whether they take place in an online, hybrid, or in-person environment.

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Laboratory activities to support online chemistry courses: a literature review

Cited by 19 publications

References 100 publications

Citizens’ views on home experiments in the context of a chemistry citizen science project

Citizens’ views on home experiments in the context of a chemistry citizen science project

Connecting Macroscopic, Molecular, and Symbolic Representations with Immersive Technologies in High School Chemistry: The Case of Redox Reactions

Design and Evaluation of the BeArS@home and Slugs@home Choose-Your-Own-Adventure-Style Online Laboratory Experiments

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