Labor and the Rise of Complex Hunter-Gatherers

Arnold, Jeanne E.

doi:10.1006/jaar.1993.1003

Cited by 118 publications

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“…On the other, and coinciding with the 8.5 ka BP and 8.2 ka BP climate events, there may have been a crisis period. In the first case, the agency models for developing this complexity could have emerged, and, from 6550 cal BC to 8500 cal BP, the management or crisis models (Arnold, 1993;Wiessner, 2002;Prentiss et al, 2007), as has recently been suggested (García-Martínez de Lagr an, 2008).…”

Section: Change From the Mesolithic Of Notches And Denticulates To Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

8.2 ka BP paleoclimatic event and the Ebro Valley Mesolithic groups: Preliminary data from Artusia rock shelter (Unzué, Navarra, Spain)

Lagrán

Iriarte

García-Gazólaz

et al. 2016

Quaternary International

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a b s t r a c tThis paper presents the results of the first excavation campaign of the Artusia rock shelter in Unzu e, Navarre, Spain. Chronocultural and archaeobiological analyses revealed five different occupation phases (Artusia IeV) within the regional Mesolithic timeline, specifically in the Mesolithic of Notches and Denticulates (Artusia I and II) and the Geometric Mesolithic (Artusia III, IV, and V). In addition, the study of the sedimentological and palaeoenvironmental evolution in the entire record helped to clearly define several climatic events which developed around 6550 cal BCe8500 cal BP and 6250 cal BCe8200 cal BP. Here, we present a description of these events and their (pre)historical interpretation with the aim of recognizing how they influenced the Mesolithic hunteregatherer groups living in the Ebro Basin of the Iberian Peninsula.© 2015 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.Lydia Zapata, in memoriam IntroductionIn recent decades, the study of the Mesolithic in the Iberian Ebro Valley has focused mainly on the definition of different phases in accordance with the lithic industry as well as on the publication of several time series. Questions relating to subsistence and environment have also been addressed which results suggest an intense, planned and diversified type of exploitation and economy. The publication of a variety of monographs on particular sites (Barandiar an-Maestu, 1978 However, aspects related to palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental changes and their influence on the historical evolution of Mesolithic groups have only been tackled in recent years (Gonz alez-Samp eriz et al., 2008García-Martínez de Lagr an, 2012). From this perspective, the data obtained on the Artusia rock shelter help to reinitiate the * Corresponding author.E-mail address: igmtzl@gmail.com (I. García-Martínez de Lagr an). Contents lists available at ScienceDirectQuaternary International j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / q u a i n t Archaeological site: discovery and geographical frameworkThe Artusia rock shelter is located at Unzu e, a small village in the eastern part of Navarre, in the Valdorba region (Fig. 1). This archaeological site was discovered in 1996, and the preservation problems that this rock shelter faces due to the erosion derived by the Artusia stream are highlighted. Artusia is located, as are many other Mesolithic rock shelters from the southern Pyrenean slope, on a rock face, to which morphology refers its name in Basque (Arluxea ¼ long crag). It is located at the southern slope of a narrow pass that the Artusia stream excavated between the Alaiz Mountains on the north, and the Unzu e Crag on the south (Fig. 1). The rock shelter is filled by a stratigraphic package cut lengthwise by the stream that exposes the different archaeological levels which form most of the sequence (Figs. 2 and 3).The area where Artusia is situated represents the geological, climatic, floristic and politico-administrative border between the pre-Pyrenean Pamplona ...

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Section: Change From the Mesolithic Of Notches And Denticulates To Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

8.2 ka BP paleoclimatic event and the Ebro Valley Mesolithic groups: Preliminary data from Artusia rock shelter (Unzué, Navarra, Spain)

Lagrán

Iriarte

García-Gazólaz

et al. 2016

Quaternary International

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“…In our discussion, we illustrate the model using two ethnographic cases, explore the relationships between our model and other existing approaches to social stratification within anthropology, and compare our model to the emergence of heritable divisions of labor in other species. 1993, Durkheim 1933, Fried 1967, Gilman 1981, Lenski, Lenski, and Nolan 1991, Ruyle 1973, Service 1975. Here, we focus on understanding "stratification," as the emergence and persistence of institutionalized economic differences between social groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Division of Labor, Economic Specialization, and the Evolution of Social Stratification

Henrich¹,

Boyd²

2008

Current Anthropology

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. (1) greater surplus production, (2) more equitable divisions of the surplus among specialists, Terms of use: Documents in EconStor maygreater cultural isolation among subpopulations within a society, and (4) more weight given to economic success by cultural learners. We also analyze how competition among societies, both egalitarian societies and those with differing degrees of stratification, influences the long-run evolution of the institutional forms that support social stratification. In our discussion, we illustrate the model using two ethnographic cases, explore the relationships between our model and other existing approaches to social stratification within anthropology, and compare our model to the emergence of heritable divisions of labor in other species. 1993, Durkheim 1933, Fried 1967, Gilman 1981, Lenski, Lenski, and Nolan 1991, Ruyle 1973, Service 1975. Here, we focus on understanding "stratification," as the emergence and persistence of institutionalized economic differences between social groups.Inequality is ubiquitous. Within every human society, individuals of different ages, genders or abilities receive different shares of the overall economic output. In some societies these differences are glorified and exaggerated, while in others they are more subtle and often go unacknowledged, yet they are always there (Fried 1967). Our puzzle, however, is not this ubiquitous inequality among individuals, but persistent inequality among social groups, like classes, castes, ethnic groups, and guilds. Because such groups include a wide sampling of people, it is not plausible that inequality results from innate differences in size, skill, or the like among the individuals who make them up (Richerson and Boyd 2005a). Instead, these differences must result from something that individuals acquire as a consequence of group membership. This leads to the obvious question: why don't people on the wrong side of such inequalities adopt the skills, practices, behaviors, or strategies of the people in the group or groups who are getting a disproportionately large share of the economic benefits produced by a society?Scholars have given at least three kinds of answers to this question (Durkheim 1933 1979). While each of these solutions to the puzzle has its partisans, the longevity of the debate suggests that none are completely satisfactory.Here we present a novel model for the emergence of social stratification, without coercion, deception or exogenous source...

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“…En general, las hipótesis sobre el origen de la complejidad se pueden dividir en dos grupos (Arnold 1993;Prentis et al 2007;Wiessner 2002): los modelos basados en la agencia y los modelos directivos o de gestión, la diferencia entre ambos grupos radica en si los individuos son o no son los agentes activos principales de las transformaciones socioeconómicas de estos grupos. a) Agencia: estos modelos recurren a los procesos de ámbito social como un factor primario para el desarrollo de la desigualdad y se basan en la premisa de que en todas las sociedades existen individuos ambiciosos deseosos de controlar al resto de la comunidad.…”

Section: La Cuestión De La Complejidad Entre Los Cazadores-recolectorunclassified

The issue of socioeconomic complexity in the mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities of the middle and upper Ebro valley

Lagrán¹

2008

Trab. prehist.

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La cuestión de la complejidad socioeconómica en las comunidades de cazadores-recolectores mesolíticas de la cuenca Alta y Media del EbroThe issue of socioeconomic complexity in the mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities of the middle and upper Ebro valley Íñigo García-Martínez de Lagrán (*) RESUMENEn las últimas décadas se han definido en el ámbito etnográfico y arqueológico diferentes comunidades de cazadores-recolectores que presentan una organización socioeconómica compleja. En el presente trabajo se hace un repaso a las principales definiciones de esta complejidad y a sus rasgos fundamentales aplicándolos al registro actual del Mesolítico en la Alta y Media Cuenca del Ebro. El objetivo principal es determinar si estas comunidades de cazadores-recolectores presentan rasgos definitorios de una cierta complejidad socioeconómica. ABSTRACT

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Labor and the Rise of Complex Hunter-Gatherers

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

8.2 ka BP paleoclimatic event and the Ebro Valley Mesolithic groups: Preliminary data from Artusia rock shelter (Unzué, Navarra, Spain)

8.2 ka BP paleoclimatic event and the Ebro Valley Mesolithic groups: Preliminary data from Artusia rock shelter (Unzué, Navarra, Spain)

Division of Labor, Economic Specialization, and the Evolution of Social Stratification

The issue of socioeconomic complexity in the mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities of the middle and upper Ebro valley

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