Labelling of Derogatory Words in Some British and American Dictionaries

Norri, Juhani

doi:10.1093/ijl/13.2.71

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

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Section: Treatment Of Ethnic Terms In Dictionariesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the same vein of research, Norri (2000) and Nissinen (2015) find that learners' dictionaries typically have more warnings for potentially insulting words, whereas slang dictionaries (Nissinen 2015) tend to use them the least. On the other hand, some dictionaries simply decide to omit such entries (Norri 2000). In this strand of research we also find a study conducted by Ştefănescu (2015) on labelling disparaging ethnicity words in Romanian dictionaries and Wachal's (2000) study of labelling of taboo words in British and American dictionaries.…”

Section: Treatment Of Ethnic Terms In Dictionariesmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Problems in Defining Ethnicity Terms in Dictionaries

Žugić

Vuković-Stamatović

2021

LEX

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Despite the fact that lexicographers have increasingly been taking more care when it comes to defining socially sensitive terms, we argue that ethnicity terms still remain rather poorly defined. In a number of online monolingual dictionaries we surveyed in this study, we find that ethnicity terms are generally simplistically defined, mostly in terms of geography and citizenship, and argue that such definitions are too reductionist and sometimes even erroneous. We also find that some disparaging ethnicity terms are not labelled as such in some of the dictionaries surveyed. We also present a case study from Montenegro, in which a dictionary of the national academy of sciences was immediately revoked over a few ethnicity and ethnicity-related terms, after a violent outcry from two of Montenegro's ethnic minorities, dissatisfied with how their ethnicities were defined and treated in the dictionary. Based on our survey and the earlier findings from the literature, we recommend that international dictionaries follow a standardised model of defining ethnicities, which would additionally refer to an ethnicity's culture and potentially language, and be as inclusive as possible. We also recommend that editors and lexicographers of national dictionaries pay special attention to how they define the ethnic terms relating to the minorities living in their country or region, following a combination of a standardised and a partly customised approach, which would take into account the specific features of the minorities.

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Section: Treatment Of Ethnic Terms In Dictionariesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Treatment Of Ethnic Terms In Dictionariesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Problems in Defining Ethnicity Terms in Dictionaries

Žugić

Vuković-Stamatović

2021

LEX

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“…De Raad et al 2005;Van Oudenhoven et al 2008;Beirne 2020), derogatory words (e.g. Norri 2000) and (dysphemistic) terms of insult (Allan & Burridge 1991:27-28). I do not address the differences with these terms.…”

Section: Impoliteness and Terms Of Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Appellativized first names as terms of abuse

Sarhemaa

2023

NOSO

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In the article, three appellativized Finnish personal names are analysed in their use as a derogatory part of communication. In support of the argumentation, two kinds of data are used: corpus data from the internet forum Suomi24 (‘Finland24’) and internet questionnaire data. The methods of qualitative corpus and questionnaire research are adapted, and the approach is loosely cognitive. It is evident that the three expressions are used pejoratively and to express negative emotions. Thus, their usage makes the communication impolite or emphasizes impoliteness. By showing the meanings and usages of the three expressions, it is argued that appellativized proper names have a specific, complex semantic profile.

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“…28 Perhaps more significantly, the tone of some of Burchfield's comments departs from that 26 See further Sledd and Ebbit (1962) and Morton (1994). The Random House Dictionary (1966) and the Houghton Mifflin American Heritage Dictionary (1969) were among the first to provide generous quantities of information, of various sorts, on the register and acceptability of the words they define; see Nunberg (1990) and Norri (2000). 27 E.g., parameter, envision, prior to, decimate.…”

Section: The Case For Ipse Dixits; Burchfield's Labelling Of Racist Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Words objected to in the interim between the first (1933) and second (1972-86) Supplement were particularly likely to escape labelling: thus finalise and alright, both virulently attacked by commentators on language in the 1950s and 1960s, are unmarked by Burchfield. 28 Perhaps more significantly, the tone of some of Burchfield's comments departs from that 26 See further Sledd and Ebbit (1962) and Morton (1994). The Random House Dictionary (1966) and the Houghton Mifflin American Heritage Dictionary (1969) were among the first to provide generous quantities of information, of various sorts, on the register and acceptability of the words they define; see Nunberg (1990) and Norri (2000). 27 E.g., parameter, envision, prior to, decimate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Authority and personality in theOxford English Dictionary

Brewer

2005

Transactions of the Philological Society

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Although the OED is generally regarded as an impersonal, objective document of comprehensive authority, it is possible to detect inconsistencies in it which reflect the personalities of the different authors who have compiled it at different times. These inconsistencies are particularly evident in the application of usage labels and comments, which often tell us as much about the lexicographers' own preferences as they do about usage in any more general sense. They also reflect the public desire, from the late nineteenth century onwards, that this iconic dictionary should act as a guardian, not just a record, of the English language. These matters are investigated here through an analysis of the usage labels and notes, together with prefatory remarks, in R. W. Burchfield's twentieth-century Supplement to the OED. The treatment of Burchfield's material in the second edition of the OED is also surveyed, as are the usage labelling and commentary of the current, third edition of the OED.

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Labelling of Derogatory Words in Some British and American Dictionaries

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Problems in Defining Ethnicity Terms in Dictionaries

Problems in Defining Ethnicity Terms in Dictionaries

Appellativized first names as terms of abuse

Authority and personality in theOxford English Dictionary

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