La validación transcultural de intervenciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el tratamiento de trastornos de ansiedad

Abstract

Palabras clave: Práctica basada en evidencia; tratamientos realidad virtual; programas auto-aplicados; validez externa; trastornos de ansiedad.

A Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Program Utilizing Virtual Reality for the Treatment of Adjustment Disorders: A Case Series

“…La RV ha sido utilizada con éxito en el campo de la Psicología Clínica para el tratamiento de diferentes trastornos psicológicos, entre ellos los trastornos de ansiedad: fobias específicas (p.ej., Cárdenas et al, 2016;Botella et al, 2016), trastorno de ansiedad social (p.ej., Anderson et al, 2013), trastorno de pánico y agorafobia (p.ej., Botella et al, 2007), entre otros. Además, estudios de revisión (p.ej., p.ej., Meyerbröker y Emmelkamp, 2010) y estudios de metaanálisis (McCann et al, 2014;Powers y Emmelkamp, 2008;Opriş et al, 2012;Turner y Casey, 2014) ponen de manifiesto la eficacia de la exposición por medio de la RV para el tratamiento de los trastornos de ansiedad.…”

La eficacia de un tratamiento computarizado aplicado a través de Internet para la fobia a volar: Un estudio controlado

“…With regard to treatment accessibility, most people suffering from phobias never seek help [16], only 7.8% search for a treatment [17], and only 8% of patients receive a specific treatment for their problem [18]. There could be several reasons for this, such as long waiting lists, lack of evidence-based treatment offered by healthcare systems, and insufficient therapist training to apply the exposure technique [19][20][21]. As for patients' acceptance of in vivo exposure, around 25% reject the treatment when they are informed about the procedure, or they drop-out during treatment [15,22].…”

“…Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can be useful for overcoming these issues, for example, through computerized treatments such as virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) and computerassisted exposure programs. The efficacy of VRET has been shown in several meta-analyses and systematic reviews for the treatment of anxiety disorders [16][17][18][19], including FP [6,14,20,21]. However, some authors suggest that less sophisticated and cheaper devices might be sufficient to produce satisfactory outcomes in FP [22].…”