La red hidráulica de las minas de oro hispanas: aspectos jurídicos, administrativos y políticos

Sastre, Inés; Sánchez-Palencia, F. Javier

doi:10.3989/aespa.2002.v75.136

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Desde un primer momento, una de las motivaciones de estas guerras fue la explotación de la riqueza minera, especialmente del oro (Au). En este momento para el Imperio Romano se convierte en un recurso estratégico derivado de la implantación del "Aureus" por Octavio Augusto, y por lo tanto el cambio de patrón monetario al oro (Sánchez-Palencia, 2000;Sastre y Sánchez-Palencia, 2002). Esto tiene una consecuencia derivada, y es que la explotación minera de este recurso en el NW ibérico tendrá un carácter público vinculado con el "fiscus", a diferencia de otros sectores mineros del Imperio Romano, donde la explotación de los recursos mineros quedó a cargo del sector privado a través del sistema de "locatioes", o concesiones, ya que las zonas mineras se consideran "agri publici" (Domergue, 1990;Orejas y Ramallo, 2004;Sánchez-Palencia et al, 2006).…”

Section: La Actividad Minera Romana: Presencia Del Imperio Romano En ...unclassified

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Inestabilidad de ladera natural e inducida asociada a grandes movimientos en masa durante el Pleistoceno-Holoceno en la Serra dos Ancares (NW de la Península Ibérica)

Díaz

Vázquez-Rodríguez

Pontevedra-Pombal

2022

An. geogr. Univ. Complut.

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La Serra dos Ancares es un espacio natural afectado por los procesos glaciales del Cuaternario, y que presenta fuertes pendientes en sus laderas. Se describen hasta 28 movimientos de masas en todo el sector estudiado. Los deslizamientos existentes se habían considerado mayoritariamente como de origen natural. Los datos indican que un número significativo de ellos, cualitativa y cuantitativamente, son antrópicos. Una vez asentado el Imperio Romano comienza la extracción sistemática de oro, lo que conlleva una serie de infraestructuras, produciendo una intensa erosión del terreno en un corto intervalo de tiempo. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer una clasificación de los movimientos de masas en el área de estudio, determinando factores como su volumen, su superficie o su tipología y relacionándolos con sus diferentes orígenes, así como determinar el impacto de la actividad natural y antrópica en la cordillera y su huella en el paisaje actual.

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Section: La Actividad Minera Romana: Presencia Del Imperio Romano En ...unclassified

“…Las explotaciones son, como ya se ha comentado, terreno público, estando "in fisci patrimonio" (Sastre y Sánchez-Palencia, 2002). Son las "metalla" organizadas bajo la autoridad de los "procuratores metallorum".…”

Section: La Actividad Minera Romana: Presencia Del Imperio Romano En ...unclassified

Inestabilidad de ladera natural e inducida asociada a grandes movimientos en masa durante el Pleistoceno-Holoceno en la Serra dos Ancares (NW de la Península Ibérica)

Díaz

Vázquez-Rodríguez

Pontevedra-Pombal

2022

An. geogr. Univ. Complut.

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“…This importance is highlighted by the numerous legal, administrative, and political aspects preserved in the archaeological record [34] and the astonishing extent of the hydraulic system, characterized by a more than 1200 km long channel system, mapped in the province of León, some of them running through more than 140 km in the mountains [35].…”

Section: Hydraulic Infrastructure Of Roman Gold Miningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Morphological Constraints on Roman Gold Mining Hydraulic Infrastructure in NW Spain. A UAV-Derived Photogrammetric and Multispectral Approach

Fernández-Lozano

Sanz‐Ablanedo

2021

Remote Sensing

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The province of León preserves a unique hydraulic infrastructure 1200 km-long, used for the exploitation of auriferous deposits in Roman times. It represents the most extensive waterworks in Europe and is one of the best-preserved examples of mining heritage in Antiquity. In this work, three mining exploitation sectors (upper, middle, and lower) characterized by channels and leats developed in different geological materials were examined, using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). A multi-approach based on a comparison of photogrammetric and multispectral data improved the identification and description of the hydraulic network. Comparison with traditional orthoimages and LiDAR data suggests that UAV-derived multispectral images are of great interest in areas where these sets of data have low resolution or areas that are densely covered by vegetation. The results showed that the size of the channel box and its width were factors that do not depend exclusively on the available water resources, as previously suggested, but also on the geological and hydraulic conditioning factors that intervene in each sector. Additionally, the detailed study allowed the establishment of a water sheet maximum height that was much lower than previously thought. All in all, these inferences might help researchers develop new strategies for mapping the Roman mining infrastructure and establishing the importance of geological inheritance on the construction of the hydraulic system that led the Romans to the accomplishment of the largest mining infrastructure ever known in Europe.

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“…The Roman hydraulic system consists of a large network of canals that exceeds more than 800 km only in the province of León, where a single canal runs through more than 140 km [50,52,53]. Reduced slopes characterize these canals (<1.2%), which frequently keep a standard size diameter of 1.20 to 1.50 m [40,47,52,54,55], with mean caudal of 0.2-0.7 m 3 /s-considering a sheet of water upon 0.4-0.6 m- [50].…”

Section: Hydraulic Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Model 6 configures another good example of the hydraulic infrastructure, represented by canals excavated in slate rock (Figure 6f). Canals run over large distances leading to a total network that extends over 800 km within the León Province (NW Spain) [50,52,53]. The study example was followed over 70 m length.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Perspectives for UAV-Based Modelling the Roman Gold Mining Infrastructure in NW Spain

et al. 2018

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This contribution discusses the potential of UAV-assisted (unmanned aerial vehicles) photogrammetry for the study and preservation of mining heritage sites using the example of Roman gold mining infrastructure in northwestern Spain. The study area represents the largest gold area in Roman times and comprises 7 mining elements of interest that characterize the most representative examples of such ancient works. UAV technology provides a non-invasive procedure valuable for the acquisition of digital information in remote, difficult to access areas or under the risk of destruction. The proposed approach is a cost-effective, robust and rapid method for image processing in remote areas were no traditional surveying technologies are available. It is based on a combination of data provided by aerial orthoimage and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) to improve the accuracy of UAV derived data. The results provide high-resolution orthomosaic, DEMs and 3D textured models that aim for the documentation of ancient mining scenarios, providing high-resolution digital information that improves the identification, description and interpretation of mining elements such as the hydraulic infrastructure, the presence of open-cast mines which exemplifies the different exploitation methods, and settlements. However, beyond the scientific and technical information provided by the data, the 3D documentation of ancient mining scenarios is a powerful tool for an effective and wider public diffusion ensuring the visualization, preservation and awareness over the importance and conservation of world mining heritage sites.been also established as a standard of value and currency since the world's first coinage in Lydia (643-630 BC) [5]. However, significant advances in ore deposits prospection and exploitation did not occur until the onset of the New Age. The systematic exploitation of gold ore deposits may have started during the period of Roman domination in the Mediterranean. According to recent archaeological findings in the mining site of Pino del Oro (Zamora), Sánchez-Palencia et al. [6] suggest that the earliest prospection works in northwest Spain started during pre-roman times. The northwest Iberian Peninsula represents the largest Roman gold mining prospect in the world, with the Las Médulas world-class site as one of the most remarkable gold mines due to its important landscape transformation [7][8][9]. In this area, more than 93.5 billion m 3 of Cenozoic sediments were removed by the Romans, recovering upon 5 t of gold [10]. Due to its archaeological and natural values, this site was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Centre in 1997, although recent works based on Airborne Laser Scanning Technology (ALS) suggests that it may not be the largest Roman goldmining site in terms of recovered gold quantities [11,12].Roman gold mining works in northwest Spain were active from the 1st until the 3rd centuries AC. After that period, little gold mining-related information is known, with only minor documented exploitations during the Middle A...

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La red hidráulica de las minas de oro hispanas: aspectos jurídicos, administrativos y políticos

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Inestabilidad de ladera natural e inducida asociada a grandes movimientos en masa durante el Pleistoceno-Holoceno en la Serra dos Ancares (NW de la Península Ibérica)

Inestabilidad de ladera natural e inducida asociada a grandes movimientos en masa durante el Pleistoceno-Holoceno en la Serra dos Ancares (NW de la Península Ibérica)

Unraveling the Morphological Constraints on Roman Gold Mining Hydraulic Infrastructure in NW Spain. A UAV-Derived Photogrammetric and Multispectral Approach

New Perspectives for UAV-Based Modelling the Roman Gold Mining Infrastructure in NW Spain

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