La osteocalcina: de marcador de formación ósea a hormona; y el hueso, un órgano endocrino

Abstract

Osteocalcin is a protein synthesized by the osteoblast. Before being released into the extracellular matrix, human osteocalcin undergoes gamma-carboxylation, as gamma-carboxy-glutamic acid binds at positions 17, 21 and 24. Part of the carboxylated and decarboxylated osteocalcin passes into the circulation. Since its discovery in the late 70s, it has been used as a marker of bone formation as it is an osteoblastic product and its role in the body is unknown. In recent years, osteocalcin has been identified as a hormone. Bone is considered an endocrine organ. Osteocalcin acting as a hormone is the decarboxylated form. Osteocalcin is involved in glucose homeostasis, skeletal muscle function, brain development, male fertility, hepatic steatosis, and arterial calcification. All of these facts have actually been tested in mice, but there is strong evidence that this could occur in humans. We are faced with facts that, if proven, would have enormous clinical significance.

Novel resorbable bone wax containing β-TCP and starch microspheres for accelerating bone hemostasis and promoting regeneration

“…Osteocalcin (OCN), which is a protein synthesized by the osteoblast, has been used as a marker of bone mineralization since its discovery ( Rubert and Piedra, 2020 ). Immunohistochemistry staining of OCN is shown in Figure 6A .…”

Secretion of osteocalcin in chitosan–hydroxyapatite scaffold with seeding of cryopreserved human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

“…The process of bone remodeling can be seen by examining bone remodeling biomarkers to describe the overall activity of osteoblast and osteoclast cells in bone (Huldani, 2012). Osteocalcin levels are related to the process of bone formation so it can be used as a marker or biomarker of bone formation (Rubert & de la Piedra, 2021) [68]. Serum levels of total osteocalcin, Gla osteocalcin, and Glu osteocalcin will increase when there is an increase in bone formation (Komori, 2020).…”

Osteoporosis de los huesos maxilares

“…La TSH podría aliviar síntomas orales asociados con la menopausia, como xerostomía y enfermedad periodontal. El uso de TSH requiere evaluaciones personalizadas de riesgo y beneficio (5,25).…”