La nature dans les limites du capital (et vice versa)

Bissonnette, Jean‐François; Moore, Jason W.

doi:10.3917/amx.061.0024

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This leads degrowth exponents to emphasise reductions in economic production and consumption so as to re-embed economic activity within ecological parameters. Simultaneously, radical redistributions of wealth and welfare are considered necessary by many to ameliorate both the ecological implications and societal instabilities caused by extreme wealth inequality (see analyses in Dorling 2015; Mikkelson et al 2007;Moore 2015;Piketty 2014).…”

Section: Decouplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

What's ontology got to do with it? On nature and knowledge in a political ecology of the 'green economy'

Sullivan

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

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Contemporary market-based (i.e. neoliberal) 'green economy' approaches to environmental degradation emphasise exchanges whereby quantified units of environmental harm are traded or 'offset' for compensating units of environmental health. Also encouraged is a view that economic growth can be 'greened' through 'decoupling' economic value from material ecological realities. Such approaches tend to frame biophysical natures in terms of aggregates, such as an 'aggregate natural capital rule' and 'net zero carbon.' Naturesbeyond-the-human are thereby understood and enacted as calculable, exchangeable, substitutable and commensurable between different spatial and temporal sites, making up an 'aggregate' or 'net' value overall. This article uses a comparative cross-cultural engagement to problematize ontological assumptions regarding the nature of nature underscoring the rationality of these aggregating and offsetting 'solutions.' Drawing on literatures from environmental anthropology and environmental ethics, combined with ethnographic material from long-term field research in north-west Namibia, the article considers elements of alternative cultural ontologies and the ways these may give rise to a different array of practices with value for conceiving and generating 'sustainability.' It adheres to a critical political ecology perspective in understanding the ways that power structures the ontologies that become both privileged and occluded in neoliberal strategies for green economy governance. In doing so, the article argues that sensitivity to the ontological politics through which spaces and entities are defined and known and which thereby shape environmental conflicts, may be key to recognising with more depth the sometimes significantly different 'natures' being struggled over in such conflicts. Key words: ontology; green economy; offsetting; decoupling; sustainability; value; natures-beyond-thehuman; neoliberalism; political ecology Résumé Les approches de la dégradation de l'environnement fondées sur le marché et l'économie verte mettent l'accent sur les échanges, dans le cadre desquels des unités quantifiées de dommages à l'environnement sont échangées ou «compensées» pour compenser des unités de santé environnementale. On encourage également l'idée que la croissance économique peut être «vernie» par le biais du «découplage» de la valeur économique des réalités écologiques matérielles. De telles approches tendent à encadrer les natures biophysiques en termes d'agrégats, tels qu'une «règle du capital naturel agrégé» et un «carbone zéro net». Les natures-au-delà de l'humain sont ainsi comprises et promulguées comme calculables, échangeables, substituables et commensurables entre différents sites spatiaux et temporels, constituant une valeur «agrégée» ou «nette». Cet article utilise un engagement interculturel comparatif pour problématiser les hypothèses ontologiques concernant la nature de la nature, soulignant la rationalité de ces «solutions» d'agrégation et de compensation.

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Section: Decouplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

What's ontology got to do with it? On nature and knowledge in a political ecology of the 'green economy'

Sullivan

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

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“…Thereby the heart of the matter may lie not in the mere quantification of flows (as not all are valued within capital's dynamism); but more in line to the worldecology optic, into the articulation of social and natural forms-moving beyond the 'Cartesian' binary and dualisms. In this light, the operational landscapes of extended urbanisation could be characterized not merely by a machinic behaviour whereby capitalism is developing and acting on nature; but as active landscapes continuously transformed by the articulation of a whole set of relations-of capital (accumulation), (pursuit of) power and what is more (the production of) nature-that are not fully under the control of economic and political actors, and where capitalism develops through the web of life (Moore, 2015b(Moore, , 2016. This set of relations has been reflected in depth by Jason Moore with the concept of 'ecological surplus' and its tendency to fall between 'capitalization' and 'appropriation.'…”

Section: From Upe and World Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Territories of Extraction: Mapping Palimpsests of Appropriation

Morata

Cavalieri

Rizzo

et al. 2020

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This article—framed as a methodological contribution and at the intersection between the critical urban, urban political ecology and world-ecology disciplines—builds on Corboz’s metaphor of ‘territory as a palimpsest’ to explore the representation of the socio-economic and ecological processes underpinning uneven development under extractive capitalist urbanization. While the palimpsest approach has typically been used to map transformations of more traditional urban morphologies, this work focuses instead on remote extraction territories appropriated by the global economy and integral to planetary urbanization. The article suggests the central notion of ‘palimpsests of appropriation’ as a lens to map the extraction processes. It does so in its multi-scalar and temporal dimensions and on the basis of the three intertwined frames—i.e., the productive, distribution and mediation palimpsest—shortly exemplifying its use on the ground for the iron ore extraction territory in the Swedish-Norwegian Arctic. With this, the article contributes to the development of an expanded representational methodology and conception of territories of extraction—where social and natural production are brought together—illustrating how appropriation has been (re)shaping each of the frames throughout historical thresholds, but also how socio-natures are being (re)made in its image.

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“…Ekers und Loftus, 2012). Menschliche Aktivität wird in marxistischen Ansätzen als permanente Umwelt-Gestaltung (environment-making) unter kapitalistischen Bedingungen verstanden (Moore, 2015). Die Diagnose einer Geographie ungleicher Entwicklung als Effekt globaler Neoliberalisierung hat am Anfang des 20.…”

Section: Naturen Der Politischen öKologie: Ressourceunclassified

Politische Ökologie: nicht-deterministische, globale und materielle Dimensionen von Natur/Gesellschaft-Verhältnissen

Bauriedl

2016

Geogr. Helv.

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Abstract. Political ecology is a research field comprising studies with a critical perspective on human/nature-relations – critical in both a political and an epistemological sense. Fundamental questions of political ecology, here, are related to just and equal access to resources, their contribution and control, and to the regimes of regulation. The article specifies the empirical and epistemological approaches within political ecology in the last decades. It does not tell a linear history or a single story, because political ecology emerges out of a continuous process of mutual inspirations of academic debates and activist practices. The research strands in political ecology operate with different ideas on how to conceptionalize nature: as social product, technonature, hybrid, or as actant. These conceptualisations are related to different approaches of neo-Marxist and post-structural epistemology. This article discusses the present debate of political ecology in two steps. After introducing a broader perspective of what critique means in political ecology, it gives an account of the various approaches for analysis of both, geographies and materialities of uneven development. The early studies of political ecology explain human/nature-relations as socially produced, related to a Marxist understanding of historical materialism. In recent debates of political ecology, this approach was confronted with a new materialist thinking of more fluid interrelations between nature and non-nature; it also addresses postcolonial studies' claim to decentralize the perspectives on history and geography in order to understand new forms of connectivity of nature and culture.

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La nature dans les limites du capital (et vice versa)

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

What's ontology got to do with it? On nature and knowledge in a political ecology of the 'green economy'

What's ontology got to do with it? On nature and knowledge in a political ecology of the 'green economy'

Territories of Extraction: Mapping Palimpsests of Appropriation

Politische Ökologie: nicht-deterministische, globale und materielle Dimensionen von Natur/Gesellschaft-Verhältnissen

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