La modelisation collective de l'offre de travail: Mise en perspective et application aux donnees britanniques

Abstract

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Sharing of Resources Within the Family and the Economics of Household Decision Making

“…Suggested distribution factors have also included sociological or cultural variables, such as those relating to the partners' social background (e.g., whether the woman's mother was in employment), to their gender role attitudes (e.g., toward women's employment; Clark, Couprie, & Sofer, ; Couprie, ), to money management practices within the household (e.g., whether they have a common bank account), and to more broadly national customs such as the amount of dowry (Zhang & Chan, ) or the share of the marriage costs paid by the bride's family (Hendy & Sofer, ). But sociological or cultural variables can be problematic as distribution factors, because they are usually also part of the background context in which preferences are formed, making it impossible to separate out their effects.…”

“…Some results of studies that have investigated the impact of distribution factors on the sharing rule have significant societal or policy implications and/or are in line with theories from other disciplines. These include the following findings: Partners' allocations resulting from the sharing rule increase with their own wage rate and with their share of household earnings and nonlabor income (Bonke & Browning, , ; Clark et al, ). The sex ratio—the proportion of men to women in the population—has been found to have a positive impact on the woman's allocation resulting from the sharing rule in many but not all studies (Chiappori et al, ; Grossbard‐Shechtman & Neuman, ). Whether the sex ratio really captures the state of the “remarriage market,” however, remains controversial, because either could be correlated with variables more directly affecting the sharing rule, such as gender norms or men's and women's relative wages (Clark et al, ).…”

Collective Female Labour Supply: Theory and Application

“…These authors also find, using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, that the ‘collective’ restrictions are not rejected. Other empirical applications of the collective model of labour supply include Bloemen (2004), Clark et al. (2004), Moreau and Donni (2002) and Vermeulen (2005).…”

La production domestique dans les modèles collectifs

“…Le calcul de la règle de partage à partir de l'estimation de l'offre de travail des conjoints se fonde sur une défi nition du « loisir » tout à fait insatisfaisante, qui suppose que celui-ci s'identifi e au temps passé hors marché du travail (cf. Clark, Couprie et Sofer, 2004). Or, une partie (souvent très importante) du temps ainsi intégré au loisir est consacré en réalité à la production domestique.…”

“…Les facteurs de distribution (Chiappori, Fortin et Lacroix, 2002;Clark, Couprie et Sofer, 2004) sont les analogues des variables environnementales extrafamiliales que l'on trouve dans les modèles avec solution de Nash (Manser et Brown, 1980;McElroy et Horney, 1981;Lundberg et Pollak, 1993. Ces facteurs n'ont pas d'impact sur les préférences individuelles, ou les prix relatifs, mais infl uencent la répartition des pouvoirs de négociation entre les différents protagonistes.…”