La inflamación y su relación con el cáncer

Abstract

Inflammation and cancer have been two of
 the most studied topics in Biomedical Sciences during the
 last decades. Scientific and technological advances
 in the fields of genomics and proteomics have made
 it is possible to establish with precision a great variety
 of immunological, cellular and genetic mechanisms
 that allow inflammation to be directly associated with
 cancer. Of the many studies derived from this topic,
 the one written by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2000
 stands out, since it describes the biology of cancer
 in six proper characteristics or hallmarks of tumor
 development, which are nothing more than a series of
 responses and biological interactions of tumor cells in
 their initiation, development and progression phases,
 which are favored by elements directly or indirectly
 associated with inflammation. A decade later, the
 same authors have added more hallmarks to tumor
 biology and have dug into the role of the inflammatory
 response as a constant element that allows tumor
 development and invasion, since the inflammatory
 response is modulated and organized to promote key
 elements for tumor survival. The importance of the
 inflammatory infiltrate is key to understanding the
 development of neoplasms. This review will describe
 the main inflammatory cellular elements associated
 and modified by cancer cells to evade their elimination
 by the host, and some mechanisms to facilitate their
 progression.