La especificidad conductual de la violencia filio-parental

Abstract

La violencia filio-parental (VFP) es un tipo de violencia intrafamiliar que ha cobrado visibilidad social y científica en los últimos años. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar distintas formas de VFP y su relación con dos grupos de variables. Por un lado, el género, la edad, la estructura familiar, el curso, el rendimiento académico, el consumo de drogas, la frecuencia de dicho consumo y el diagnóstico de psicopatología. Por otro lado, la exposición a la violencia, el calor parental, el autoconcepto, el sexismo, el narcisismo y la psicopatía. Los participantes fueron 225 estudiantes de instituto, de 14 a 20 años, el 54.7% chicas. Las tasas de VFP fueron inferiores a las de estudios españoles previos pero semejantes a las de otros países. La mayoría de los participantes realizaron una sola conducta, insultar, y la conducta de pegar nunca apareció sola, sino en combinación con al menos otras dos conductas. El análisis de los datos mostró que la capacidad de las variables estudiadas para predecir la VFP varía para cada conducta específica. Los resultados se discuten proponiendo que los estudios futuros consideren la VFP como un problema social que trasciende la relación padres-hijos. Child-to-parent violence (CPV) is a type of domestic violence that has gained social and scientific visibility in recent years. The objective of this study is to analyze different forms of CPV and their relationship with two groups of variables. The first group includes gender, age, family structure, school year, academic performance, drug use, frequency of drug use and diagnosis of psychopathology. The second analyzes exposure to violence, parental warmth, self-concept, sexism, narcissism and psychopathy. The participants were 225 high school students from 14 to 20 years old, 54.7% of them girls. The CPV rates were lower than those of previous Spanish studies but similar to those in other countries. Most participants engaged in only one behavior, insulting, and hitting never appeared alone, but in combination with at least two other behaviors. The analysis of the data showed that the ability of the variables under study to predict CPV varies for each specific behavior. The results are discussed by proposing that future studies consider CPV as a social problem that goes beyond parent-child relations.

Adolescent-to-Parent Violence: Psychological and Family Adjustment

“…In relation to the type, violence, physical, or psychological, most of the studies on community and student samples found no significant gender differences in APV , whereas other studies reported girls exercised more psychological violence (Calvete et al, 2013;Rosado et al, 2017). In clinical and judicial samples, physical violence was mainly exercised by boys (Armstrong et al, 2018;Cortina and Martín, 2020), owing to the seriousness of the APV offense, this entailed a higher probability of custodial sentences, whereas girls were mainly involved in psychological violence. Nevertheless, other studies have found that girls in custody can also resort to severe forms of APV involving physical violence (Condry and Miles, 2014;Simmons et al, 2018).…”

“…Owing to the social and legal involvements involved, the international scientific community is gradually shifting its focus toward this phenomenon but the number of specific APV studies still remains scarce (Gámez-Guadix and Calvete, 2012;Lyons et al, 2015). A recent systematic review (Simmons et al, 2018) has highlighted that the variations in the samples employed in previous studies and the plurality of definitions and measurements accounted for the discrepancies reported in the scientific literature (Gallego et al, 2019;Cortina and Martín, 2020;.…”

“…According to the definition of APV, the data available on world prevalence rates revealed variations ranging from 5 to 21% for physical violence and higher rates of 33-93% for psychological violence (Simmons et al, 2018). In Spain, most field studies have estimated prevalence rates of 21% for physical violence (Ibabe et al, 2013;Calvete et al, 2014;Ibabe and Bentler, 2016), and rates of 33-93% for psychological and emotional violence (Calvete et al, 2013;Ibabe, 2015;Ibabe and Bentler, 2016;Cortina and Martín, 2020). This high variability suggests the existence of moderators underlying the relationship.…”

Predictive Psychosocial Factors of Child-to-Parent Violence in a Sample of Mexican Adolescents

“…First, girls show higher levels of FC than boys and are more sensitive to family conflicts (Romero-Abrio et al, 2019). Second, the differential socialization of boys and girls in the family and its relationship with CPV must be taken into account (Cortina and Martin, 2020). For example, conflicts related to personal autonomy and independence are common during adolescence, especially in the case of girls who suffer more than boys from family restrictions that limit their freedom of conduct (Alonso-Stuyck and Aliaga, 2017).…”

“…In other terms, the hypothesis could be that girls are more involved in family conflicts than boys due to the sex-based differences in socialization; girls are also more sensitive to family conflicts and show higher levels of FC than boys. Consequently, girls not only suffer more discomfort and frustration but also generate more arguments and engage in more violence (mainly verbal) toward parents than boys (López-Martínez et al, 2019;Cortina and Martin, 2020).…”