Abstract:En este artículo los autores muestran, a partir de los últimos avances de la ciencia y de las suposiciones de plausibilidad relativas al campo de investigación concerniente a la enciclopedia mental, las posibilidades de su implicación en el trabajo de vocabulario en la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera.Para ello tratan, en primer lugar, la enciclopedia mental de la lengua materna y su significado para la producción del habla y la comprensión del lenguaje. Más adelante centran sus explicaciones en la… Show more
“…In this context, the government, conservative think tanks, and AFPs promoted the economic efficiency of the pension industry, as reflected by the profitability of private pension funds. According to the economist Carolina Grunwald (2018) from the conservative think tank Libertad y Desarrollo , writing in La Tercera ,(…) a person who has consistently contributed to a pension fund since the start of the pension system's inception should find that, in December 2017, approximately 75% of their pension consists of capital gains. In other words, only $25 of every $100 [Chilean pesos] represents a direct contribution, with the remaining the AFPs' management and work.…”
Section: Tracing the Process Of Change In Chilean Pension Policy Spac...mentioning
In October 2019, Chile experienced its most significant cycle of protests since the return to democracy in 1990; one of the primary demands of this cycle was the improvement of pensions. What effect did the October upheaval have on the Chilean pension policy debate? How have ideas about the Chilean pension plan changed from its creation in 1981−2019? What are the main drivers of these changes? In this study, we propose the concept of policy space, which we define as the realm of ideas wherein public policies are debated and whose boundaries are determined by the legitimacy of ideas from relevant actors. We use a process‐tracing approach based on qualitative data triangulation from several techniques including in‐depth interviews, press analysis, and secondary document review. The findings indicate that the shift in the ideas related to pension policy is explained by two drivers—long‐term linkage among actors and short‐term social mobilization against the private pension system, which accelerated rapidly with the October 2019 protests.
“…In this context, the government, conservative think tanks, and AFPs promoted the economic efficiency of the pension industry, as reflected by the profitability of private pension funds. According to the economist Carolina Grunwald (2018) from the conservative think tank Libertad y Desarrollo , writing in La Tercera ,(…) a person who has consistently contributed to a pension fund since the start of the pension system's inception should find that, in December 2017, approximately 75% of their pension consists of capital gains. In other words, only $25 of every $100 [Chilean pesos] represents a direct contribution, with the remaining the AFPs' management and work.…”
Section: Tracing the Process Of Change In Chilean Pension Policy Spac...mentioning
In October 2019, Chile experienced its most significant cycle of protests since the return to democracy in 1990; one of the primary demands of this cycle was the improvement of pensions. What effect did the October upheaval have on the Chilean pension policy debate? How have ideas about the Chilean pension plan changed from its creation in 1981−2019? What are the main drivers of these changes? In this study, we propose the concept of policy space, which we define as the realm of ideas wherein public policies are debated and whose boundaries are determined by the legitimacy of ideas from relevant actors. We use a process‐tracing approach based on qualitative data triangulation from several techniques including in‐depth interviews, press analysis, and secondary document review. The findings indicate that the shift in the ideas related to pension policy is explained by two drivers—long‐term linkage among actors and short‐term social mobilization against the private pension system, which accelerated rapidly with the October 2019 protests.
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