La déglutition dysfonctionnelle a-t-elle une influence sur la posture ?

Abstract

Swallowing is one of the first functions to be set up in utero for vital reasons. Physiological and psychic maturation then occur to lead from a dysfunctional to a functional state. Nevertheless, for certain individuals, maturation is incomplete, and swallowing remains dysfunctional. The clinical literature has already proven the incidence of a dental change of occlusion and the consequences of a lingual dysfunction upon posture. This work proposes to show that the posture can be affected by dysfunctional deglutition because of the lack of dental contacts during this function and because of the lingual dysfunction which characterizes it. We studied a population of 20 young adults, divided into two groups: a group of subjects presenting with a functional swallowing, and a group of subjects presenting with a dysfunctional swallowing. The experimental protocol includes four conditions: mandibular rest, cognitive task of articulation, functional swallowing, dysfunctional swallowing. Their effect on the posture is evaluated by means of a standardized stabilometric platform, and is supplemented by an electromyographic study of a manducator muscle (the masseter) and of a muscle of the cephalic posture (the sternocleidomastoid). The results show that swallowing would have the same postural effects as the cognitive task by increasing the postural oscillations and the energy spent by the postural system. Furthermore, the deglutition would have increased effects when it corresponds to a forced deglutition for the subject.

Tongue Posture, Tongue Movements, Swallowing, and Cerebral Areas Activation: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

“…This is further confirmation, consistent with results of other studies mentioned, that the economy of sensorimotor activation of the tongue in elevation, compared to the greater cortical and subcortical sensorimotor activation in protrusion, is a guiding principle in promoting tongue elevation in patients during therapy as this position or movement is less complicated and less dependent on cognitive skills, in absence of overriding breathing issues that change the overall pattern of tongue posture at rest and during swallow., [44]. Bocquet et al, [78] suggest we might suppose a reduction of motor unit recruitment during tongue elevation task, suggesting a reduction in energy expenditure.…”

“…Bocquet et al in 2008 [78] already examined whether dysfunctional swallowing influences postural parameters as well. Those authors found that swallowing would have the same postural effects as cognitive tasks by increasing the postural oscillations and the energy spent by the postural system [78].…”

A novel global postural alteration? Qualitative assessment of hallux valgus and swallowing disorder in human posture: A preliminary investigation on the incidence during age span for promoting psycho-physical and postural well-being

“…Consequently, through the connection with the spine, the head can modify the whole body posture (Shaghayegh Fard et al, 2016;Szczygiel et al, 2019). Since swallowing disorder (SD) is an alteration of the physiological tongue movement that occurs during the act of swallowing, this phenomenon can adversely affect human posture (Begnoni et al, 2019;Bocquet et al, 2008;Machado Junior and Crespo, 2012;Messina et al, 2019).…”