Disastrous events raise issues about the territories and the affected population's future. Providing adequate housing for displaced people is both a challenge and a crucial point for any post-disaster policy. In this paper we will focus on the effects of long-term permanent housing solutions on displaced people. Anticipated data consist of the research we have conducted previously on the emergency housing solutions destined for displaced people from the Central Italy earthquake of 2016 who could not leave the territory. In our paper, we will briefly introduce the methodology and first results of our ongoing research, which extends the one we conducted in the earthquake area. Through ethnographic methodological tools and some interviews with actors involved in the emergency process, our main objective is to explore how the models of social interaction are reproduced and transformed in SAE areas. Small and medium-sized villages consist of single-family and earthquake-resistant houses, which will offer housing to the displaced population until the end of the reconstruction. We look forward to understanding how the brand new forms of settlement and social aggregation will affect the reconfiguration of social bonds. The new housing solutions push people to experience more frequent face-to-face interaction and with the challenge of community recovery. Then, the research intends to investigate whether, and how, the community recovery can lead to the formation of social capital and how it can be configured as a significant element capable of affecting the adaptive abilities, therefore resilient, of individuals, families and local community.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKBeyond the breaking of normal social systems, the destruction of places and, sometimes, of human lives, disasters often involve the loss of houses. As a place of refuge and protection, the house must be a central point in the action of governments that, following a disaster, are required to provide a rapid and effective response to this need. Major international agencies dealing with emergency management, such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN-HABITAT) or the International Federation of Red Cross and the Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) consider the right to post-disaster accommodation related to the more general right of individuals to adequate housing, as enshrined in Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights or in Article 11 of the International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) [5]. Despite its recognized centrality, the topic of housing has become an integral part of disaster research only very recently.Quarantelli [6], [7] identifies four typologies of post-disaster accommodation. The first one is emergency sheltering, i.e. those places where displaced people find shelter for a short time, usually for a few hours after the disaster. These are often spontaneous solutions, arising from immediate needs, and can include schools, gyms, churches, airpo...